CHAPTER XXV CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Background................................. XXV-3 Abstract.....................................XXV-7 File Specifications..........................XXV-9 File Layouts.................................XXV-11 User Notes...................................XXV-65 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Background CONTENTS Characteristics of Business Owners XXV-3 Survey Methodology XXV-3 Reliability of Estimates XXV-3 Item Nonresponse Rates XXV-5 Industry Classification XXV-5 Comparability of 1982 and 1987 Data XXV-5 Comparability of Survey Data with Other Economic Censuses Data XXV-6 Glossary XXV-6 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS The 1987 Characteristics of Business Owners (CBO) survey provides data about the characteristics of minority- and women-owned businesses and their owners as well as a comparable nonminority, male-owned business universe. The data were collected through a statistically selected sample mail survey and were combined with administrative records data, which were originally obtained for use in the 1987 Economic Censuses. The data from this sample survey were collected as part of the economic censuses and were intended to expand and augment the data published in the 1987 Economic Censuses reports: Survey of Women-Owned Businesses (WOB) and Survey of Minority-Owned Business Enterprises (SMOBE) which are limited to number of firms, employment, annual payroll, and gross receipts. These files present data on the characteristics of owners and businesses owned by Hispanics, Blacks, other minorities, women, and nonminority males by industry division, size of firm, and legal form of organization. SURVEY METHODOLOGY The data in these files were developed by collecting information through a mail sample survey and matching it to data compiled for WOB and SMOBE. (See Chapter XXIII for WOB and SMOBE methodology). Whereas SMOBE and WOB are surveys of businesses, CBO is a survey of business owners. The CBO sample was obtained by first sampling the businesses, then mailing a CBO form to each owner (up to 10 owners). The 1987 CBO survey used five sampling frames based on the classification of the firm in the SMOBE/WOB: Hispanic, Black, other minorities (includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian, and Pacific Islander firms), women, and nonminority male. The businesses eligible for CBO selection were: (1) those chosen for the SMOBE sample from the Hispanic and Asian frames; and (2) all remaining businesses (referred to as the Balance), regardless of selection in the SMOBE sample. See chapter XXIII for further explanation of SMOBE/WOB methodology. Businesses were eligible for sampling in only one CBO frame based on the following order of precedence: Hispanic, other minorities, Black, women and nonminority male. However, for tabulation purposes, women-owned businesses in the Hispanic, Black, and other minority- owned frames were included with the Women frame. See Comparability of 1982 and 1987 Data for further details. Included in the universe of this survey is any activity for which an IRS form 1040, Schedule C (individual proprietorship or self-employed person); 1065 (partnership); or 1120S (subchapter S corporation) was filed in 1987. A subchapter S corporation is a special IRS designation for legally incorporated businesses with 35 or fewer shareholders who, because of tax advantages, elect to be taxed as individual shareholders rather than as corporations. The frames were stratified by State, industry division, and receipts size class before sample selection. The total sample size was 129,489 owners, evenly distributed among the five sampling frames. Responses from the CBO questionnaire were matched to economic censuses data about the firm, which were compiled for the SMOBE and WOB, to provide the characteristics of businesses as they appear in this publication. RELIABILITY OF ESTIMATES The figures shown in this report are estimated from a sample and will differ from the figures which would have been obtained from a complete census. Two types of possible errors are associated with estimates based on data from sample surveys: sampling errors and nonsampling errors. The following is a description of the sampling and nonsampling errors associated with the Characteristics of Business Owners survey. Item nonresponse is discussed in more detail in the subsequent section. Sampling variability--The particular sample used for this survey is one of a large number of samples of the same size that could have been selected using the same sample design. Estimates derived from the different samples would differ from each other. The standard error and the relative standard error are measures of the variability among the estimates from all possible samples. The standard errors and relative standard errors presented in the tables estimate the sampling variability, and thus measure the precision with which the estimate from the particular sample selected for this survey approximates the average result of all possible samples of the same size and design. A relative standard error is an expression of the standard error as a percent of the quantity being estimated. Of the columns in the tables showing sampling error, only column A gives relative standard errors; the rest show standard errors. The sample estimate and an estimate of its standard error or relative standard error can be used to construct interval estimates with a prescribed level of confidence. The general form of the confidence interval is: (estimate) +- ((constant) * (standard error of the estimate)) where, estimate = an estimate of interest from the tables standard error = the standard error of the estimate of interest constant = either a z value or Student's t value, depending on the estimate (see figure 1) Examples of a confidence interval: 1. From Table 1, the estimated number of Other minority-owned firms in construction is 16,223, with a relative standard error of 1 percent. The estimated standard error is 16,223 * .01 = 162.23. An approximate 95 percent confidence interval is 16,223 +- (1.96 * 162.23), or 15,905 to 16,541 firms. 2. From Table 5a, the estimated percentage of married owners of Hispanic-owned firms in retail trade is 79.3 with a standard error of 1.1 percent. An approximate 90 percent confidence interval is 79.3 +- (1.833 * 1.1) or 77.3 percent to 81.3 percent. Figure 1. Constant for Confidence Interval ----------------------------------------------------------------- Estimate of interest Constant for Constant for 90 percent 95 percent confidence confidence Table 1, table 2, or column A of tables 4a through 28d 1.645 1.960 Table 3 or all columns other than column A of tables 4a through 28d 1.833 2.262 ------------------------------------------------------------------ Nonsampling errors--All surveys and censuses are subject to nonsampling errors. Nonsampling errors can be attributed to many sources: inability to obtain responses from all cases in the sample; inability or unwillingness on the part of respondents to provide correct information; imputation for item nonresponse, response errors and bias; mistakes in coding, recording, or keying data; errors in collection or processing; difficulty in interpreting questions; and coverage problems. Explicit measures of the effects of these nonsampling errors are not available. However, it is believed that most of the important operational and response errors were detected and corrected through a systematic clerical edit and an automated data edit designed to review the data for reasonableness and consistency. Quality control techniques were used to verify that operating procedures were executed as specified. Nearly all types of nonsampling errors that affect this survey would also occur in a complete census. Since surveys are conducted on a smaller scale than censuses, nonsampling errors can be controlled more tightly. Relatively more funds and effort can be expended toward eliciting responses, detecting and correcting response errors, and reducing processing errors. As a result, survey results can often be more accurate than census results. The total sample size of owners was 129,489, of which, 68 percent responded with completed forms. For estimates in these tables, nonresponse is handled primarily by reweighing the returned questionnaires to cover nonrespondents. This procedure takes into account sampling frame, receipts size class, legal form of organization, and industry division. The procedure assumes that nonrespondents in these categories possess the same characteristics as the respondents, but this is never exactly true since owners with certain characteristics (i.e., deceased, unlocatable) may be disproportionately represented among responding cases. ITEM NONRESPONSE RATES In most of the published tables, a "not reported" category is shown. Example--The household income question in tables 12a through 12d has an item nonresponse rate of 7.0 percent for women-owned businesses. A business owner responding to the survey may not have supplied a response to selected items on the form. The item nonresponse rate affecting a particular question is given in the "not reported" column. The data user should not distribute this "not reported" total among the possible responses; assuming that the nonrespondents to the item resemble the respondents is naturally a risky assumption, and the risk increases as the item nonresponse rate increases. INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION The system published in the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual was used to classify firms for this report. Under this system, economic activities are coded on a numeric basis. Related activities are grouped at a primary level by industry division (i.e., manufacturing, construction, retail trade, etc.). Within each industry division, successive levels of detail of the economic activity are defined: major group (two- digit code); industry group (three-digit code); and industry (four-digit code). For example, one hierarchy in wholesale trade is: SIC level SIC code Description Industry division -- Wholesale trade Major group 50 Durable goods Industry group 506 Electrical goods Industry 5064 Electrical appliances, television and radio sets Data in this report are presented at the industry division or major group level, depending on the table. This study covers all industries in the SIC system except the following: Major Groups 01 and 02, Agricultural Production; 40, Railroad Transportation; 43, U.S. Postal Service; 86, Membership Organizations; 88, Private Households; 91-97, Public Administration; and Industry Groups 673, Trusts; and 679, Miscellaneous Investing. COMPARABILITY OF 1982 AND 1987 DATA The Characteristics of Business Owners (CBO) survey is a relatively new data series, and survey methodology is still evolving. The Census Bureau tries to balance the need for time series data with the need for accurate current data. The following changes were made in survey methodology in 1987 which affect comparability with the previous report: 1. The previous survey included any firm filing a business tax return with business receipts greater than zero. Because Census rounds receipts to the nearest thousand, any firm with receipts of $499 or less was counted in the firms column of the published tables, but contributed zero to receipts. Most of these were part-time endeavors used to supplement the incomes of persons who were employed elsewhere full time. Including them in the tables made firms appear smaller and less lucrative than they actually were. In 1987, a firm was counted only if it had business receipts of $500 or more. 2. In 1982, a large number of businesses were coded by the IRS into miscellaneous categories rather than into specific kinds of business (principal industrial activities). Many new procedures were implemented in 1987 in order to correct this problem. For example, new industry categories were added to the classification form used by businesses to indicate their business activities, and a computer program was developed which uses the business name to code unclassified businesses and businesses coded into miscellaneous categories. Although these improvements in coding yield considerably more accurate data for 1987, caution should be used when making comparisons with previous data by industry. 3. For the SMOBE/WOB, information from the Internal Revenue Service was supplied for up to 10 owners of a partnership or corporation. In the 1982 CBO, those businesses with more than 10 owners were ineligible for sample selection. This limit was not imposed in the 1987 CBO sample selection procedure in order to provide a more complete universe. 4. The 1982 CBO survey included sampling frames which overlapped. A business that was classified as both Black- and female-owned, for example, was eligible for sampling in both the Black and Women frames. In 1987, cases were placed in one and only one sampling frame. For example, a Black- and female-owned business was sampled in the Black rather than the Women frame. However, for tabulation purposes, women-owned businesses in the Hispanic, Black, and other minority-owned frames were tabulated in the women- owned businesses panel as well as the specific minority panel. This is not true of other multiple minority-owned cases; for example, Hispanic Blacks were tabulated only in the Hispanic panel, a change from 1982. This procedure allows data users to combine Black, Hispanic, and other minority-owned figures to get totals for all minority groups, something that could not be done with the 1982 CBO. 5. In 1987, there were other minor changes in sampling: a. In 1982, the CBO Hispanic frame consisted of cases selected from the SMOBE Hispanic frame who responded to the 1982 SMOBE. In 1987, the CBO Hispanic frame consisted of cases selected for sampling from the 1987 SMOBE Hispanic frame regardless of whether or not they responded. A similar methodology change was used to place SMOBE cases from the "Asian" sample in the CBO other minority- owned frame. b. In 1982, the only cases eligible for sampling from the 1982 SMOBE Balance universe in CBO were cases that were selected and responded to the 1982 SMOBE. In 1987, all cases in the 1987 SMOBE Balance universe were eligible for selection in the CBO regardless of their 1987 SMOBE response status. COMPARABILITY OF SURVEY DATA WITH OTHER ECONOMIC CENSUSES DATA Caution should be exercised in comparing data presented in this report with published or unpublished data from other reports of the 1987 Economic Censuses. Factors that affect comparability of data among censuses are industrial scope, business unit covered, receipts size, and coverage of nonemployers. Industrial scope--Industry data for all of the other 1987 Economic Censuses are based on the 1987 SIC Manual. Data in this report are based on the 1972 SIC Manual (see Industry Classifications). Most of the industries in scope of the other 1987 Economic Censuses are also in scope of this study. However, Major Group 86, Membership Organizations, was within the scope of the 1987 Economic Censuses, but out of the scope of the Characteristics of Business Owners survey. The following major industry groups were in scope of this study, but not in scope of the other economic censuses (see exceptions below): Major Groups 07, Agricultural Services; 08, Forestry; 09, Fishing, Hunting, and Trapping; 41, Local and Interurban Passenger Transit; 45, Transportation by Air; 46, Pipe Lines, Except Natural Gas; 48, Communications; 49, Electric, Gas, and Sanitary Services; 60, Banking; 61, Credit Agencies Other Than Banks; 62, Security and Commodity Brokers and Services; 63, Insurance Carriers; 64, Insurance Agents, Brokers, and Service; 65, Real Estate; 66, Combined Real Estate and Insurance; and 82, Educational Services; Industry Groups 671, Holding Offices; and 672, Investment Offices. Industry group 6552, Land Subdividers and Developers, is in scope of this survey and also in scope of other economic censuses. Business unit--Most of the economic censuses are conducted on an establishment or physical location basis; each establishment owned by a firm is individually canvassed and tabulated. In this report, however, the unit tabulated was the firm rather than each establishment of the firm. (See chapter XXIII for definition of "firm.") Receipts size--Most of the economic censuses determine whether or not a firm may be counted as an active business according to its receipts size. The specified minimums vary by industry. For this study, a firm had only to file a business tax return with business receipts of $500 or more for it to be counted as an active business. Nonemployer firms--Although nonemployer firms are included in this survey, they are omitted from many of the economic censuses reports. GLOSSARY For an explanation of terms, see Chapter XXIII. CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Abstract CONTENTS Citation XXV-7 Type of File XXV-7 Universe Description XXV-7 Subject-Matter Description XXV-7 Geographic Coverage XXV-7 Technical Description XXV-7 Reference Materials XXV-8 Related Printed Reports XXV-8 Related Machine-Readable Data Files XXV-8 Availability XXV-8 CITATION Characteristics of Business Owners on CD-ROM, 1987 [machine-readable data file] / prepared by the Bureau of the Census. --Washington: The Bureau [producer and distributor], 1993. Type of file Summary statistics. Universe description The universe is all firms for which any of the following IRS tax forms were filed during 1987: Form 1040, Schedule C (individual proprietorship or self-employed person); Form 1065 (partnership); Form 1120S (subchapter S corporation). The universe for these tabulations is the same as that used in the surveys of minority- and women-owned businesses (SMOBE universe), and differs from the universe of other economic census figures by the exclusion of regular corporations (those that file IRS form 1120), the inclusion of nonemployers and certain other very small firms, the inclusion of sectors not covered in the censuses, and the report of data in terms of firms rather than establishments. Subject-Matter Description These files present data on the characteristics of owners and businesses owned by Hispanics, Blacks, other minorities, women, and nonminority males by industry division, receipt size and employment size of firm, and legal form of organization. A firm is classified as minority- or women-owned if the sole owner or at least half of the partners or shareholders were members of the specified minority or women. Owner characteristics include age, marital status, educational background, disability, veteran status, work experience, hours worked, and percent of owner's income derived from the business. Business characteristics include net income, percent women employees, percent minority employees, percent minority customers, percent exports, and franchised businesses, as well as items related to acquisition and financing. Since the data for each group were derived from independent samples, and some of the groups are not mutually exclusive, most tables do not include totals for all businesses in the universe. Using the sum of all of the published groups as a proxy for the total overstates the number of firms by about 3 percent, and sales and receipts by about 1 percent. Geographic Coverage Data are provided primarily at the National level. The only State data are the number of firms and receipts for each ownership group in this study. Technical Description File structure: dBase III+ Data are structured into 27 files, 1 corresponding to the printed report's first two tables, and thereafter 1 file for each printed table (counting parts a through d as a table). Most of these files have dBase "NDX" index files and label files that can be linked to them. CBO8701--Table 1. Standard Industrial Classification; and Table 2. States 1. File sequence: Table 1 records (by SIC) followed by table 2 records (by State). 2. No indexes provided CBO8703--Table 3. Summary Characteristics of Business Owners and Businesses 1. File sequence: By characteristic 2. No indexes provided CBO8704 to CBO8728: CBO8704--Table 4. Current Status of Business CBO8705--Table 5. Age, Marital Status, and Birthplace (U.S.) of Owner CBO8706--Table 6. Educational Background of Owner CBO8707--Table 7. Permanent or Continuing Disability of Owner CBO8708--Table 8. Veteran Status, Vietnam-Era Veteran, and Disabled Veteran CBO8709--Table 9. Work Experience of Owner CBO8710--Table 10. Experience of Owner With Other Self-Employed Individuals CBO8711--Table 11. Months and Hours Owner Spent Managing or Working CBO8712--Table 12. Household Income of Owner CBO8713--Table 13. Percent of Household Income Derived From Business CBO8714--Table 14. Years of Ownership and Method Business Was Acquired CBO8715--Table 15. Starting Capital Requirements CBO8716--Table 16. Percent of Borrowed Capital CBO8717--Table 17. Sources of Borrowed Capital CBO8718--Table 18. Sources of Equity Capital CBO8719--Table 19. Home-Based Businesses CBO8720--Table 20. Assets and Liabilities CBO8721--Table 21. Net Income CBO8722--Table 22. Net Loss CBO8723--Table 23. Percent of Women Employees CBO8724--Table 24. Percent of Minority Employees CBO8725--Table 25. Percent of Minority Customers CBO8726--Table 26. Percent of Exports CBO8727--Table 27. Percent of Sales to Customer Categories CBO8728--Table 28. Franchised Businesses 1. File sequence: By subtable (a,b,c,d) by group (Hispanic, Black, other minority, women, nonminority male) by characteristic (industry division, receipt size of firm, employment size of firm, legal form of organization) 2. Available indexes (since all 25 of these files have the same 175 records, the same indexes can be used on each): - CBO87T: First record for each subtable and group - CBO87S: By sector (industry group) by group - CBO87R: By receipts size of firm by group - CBO87E: By employment size of firm by group - CBO87L: By legal form of organization by group 3. Linkable label files: - CBOCODES (group and sector titles) - SMOBCODE (categories for receipts size and employment size of firm and for legal form of organization) Reference Materials 1987 Economic Censuses CD-ROM 1E, Technical Documentation. This documentation has general information, glossaries, record layouts for all files, and other reference material. One copy accompanies each CD-ROM order. Additional copies are available for $10 from Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233. Guide to the 1987 Economic Censuses and Related Statistics. Describes the scope, coverage, classification systems, data items, and data products for each of the economic censuses and related surveys. Data comparability and uses are also discussed. Single copies are free from Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233. Related Printed Reports Characteristics of Business Owners, 1987. Presents the same statistics as shown in these files. Related Machine-Readable Data Files Surveys of Minority- and Women-Owned Businesses (see chapter 23). Includes the geographic distribution of Hispanic-, Black-, other minority-, and women- owned businesses by State, metropolitan area, county and place. (Available on Economic Censuses CD-ROM 1E). Availability These files are included on Economic Census CD-ROM 1E (price $150). CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 File Specifications CONTENTS General Data Specifications XXV-9 File Layout XXV-9 GENERAL DATA SPECIFICATIONS Data Fields. All files are recorded in dBase III+ format. Numeric data fields contain no alphabetic information. Most fields in these files are presented as percentages and have one explicit decimal. Any data field which is subject to any special conditions (e.g., suppression to avoid disclosure, not applicable) is preceded by an information flag field which contains explanatory codes. Record Sequence and Geographic Coding. Records are presented for each line in the corresponding printed report. State codes appear only in file CBO8701, which is the only file to contain subnational data. Category Titles. Records in the files include the same text descriptors found in the report. Other relevant descriptors may be found in the files SMOBCODE.dbf and CBOCODES.dbf on the CD-ROM. Titles for each of the labelled variables may be linked to data files using the dBase SET RELATION command, although only one relation can be defined at one time. EXTRACT's "Add Labels" function serves the same purpose. Index Files. Files CBO8704 to CBO8728 share five index files that may be used to jump quickly to desired records (e.g., using the dBase FIND command) or to change the sequence of access. Available index files are listed in the abstract. Where noted in the abstract that an index is to the "first record for" a particular type of record, the index can be used during dBase FINDs, but the index must be shut off with SET INDEX TO in order to get access to records other than the first for each group. FILE LAYOUT Most data items have an associated "flag" to describe suppression that may be used. Flag 0 indicates normal data. Flag 1 indicates (D). Data fields associated with flag 1 contain zeroes. CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Firms and Receipts by Industry Group, and by State FILE CBO8701 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: 1 by SIC, 2 by State ST C 2 0 FIPS State code (U.S.=00) SIC C 4 0 Standard Industrial Classification, 1987 (N/A for table 2) TEXT C 51 0 Description ALFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for ALFIRMS ALFIRMS N 8 0 All firms (indiv. proprietorships, partnerships, subchap. S) ALRCPTSF N 1 0 Flag for ALRCPTS ALRCPTS N 7 0 Sales and receipts of all business (in $million) HSFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for HSFIRMS HSFIRMS N 8 0 Hispanic-owned business firms HSRCPTSF N 1 0 Flag for HSRCPTS HSRCPTS N 7 0 Sales and receipts of Hispanic- owned businesses ($million) BKFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for BKFIRMS BKFIRMS N 8 0 Black-owned business firms BKRCPTSF N 1 0 Flag for BKRCPTS BKRCPTS N 7 0 Sales and receipts of Black-owned businesses ($million) OMFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for OMFIRMS OMFIRMS N 8 0 Other minority-owned business firms OMRCPTSF N 1 0 Flag for OMRCPTS OMRCPTS N 7 0 Sales and receipts of other minority-owned businesses ($million) WMFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for WMFIRMS WMFIRMS N 8 0 Women-owned business firms WMRCPTSF N 1 0 Flag for WMRCPTS WMRCPTS N 7 0 Sales and receipts of women-owned businesses ($million) NMFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for NMFIRMS NMFIRMS N 8 0 Nonminority male-owned business firms NMRCPTSF N 1 0 Flag for NMRCPTS NMRCPTS N 7 0 Sales and receipts of nonminority male-owned businesses ($million) HSFIRMSE N 2 0 Relative standard error of estimate for HSFIRMS HSRCPTSE N 2 0 Relative standard error of estimate for HSRCPTS OMFIRMSE N 2 0 Relative standard error of estimate for OMFIRMS OMRCPTSE N 2 0 Relative standard error of estimate for OMRCPTS NMFIRMSE N 2 0 Relative standard error of estimate for NMFIRMS NMRCPTSE N 2 0 Relative standard error of estimate for NMRCPTS Record Size: 173 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Summary Characteristics FILE CBO8703 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TEXT C 51 0 Description HSFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for HSFIRMS HSFIRMS N 4 1 Hispanic-owned business firms BKFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for BKFIRMS BKFIRMS N 4 1 Black-owned business firms OMFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for OMFIRMS OMFIRMS N 4 1 Other minority-owned business firms WMFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for WMFIRMS WMFIRMS N 4 1 Women-owned business firms NMFIRMSF N 1 0 Flag for NMFIRMS NMFIRMS N 4 1 Nonminority male-owned business firms HSFIRMSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate for HSFIRMS BKFIRMSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate for BKFIRMS OMFIRMSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate for OMFIRMS WMFIRMSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate for WMFIRMS NMFIRMSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate for NMFIRMS Record Size: 97 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Current Status of Business FILE CBO8704 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms OWNEDF N 1 0 Flag for OWNED OWNED N 4 1 Respondent still owned the business: Yes (%) OWNEDNOF N 1 0 Flag for OWNEDNO OWNEDNO N 4 1 Respondent still owned the business: No (%) OWNEDNRF N 1 0 Flag for OWNEDNR OWNEDNR N 4 1 Respondent still owned the business: Not reported (%) DIFFOWNF N 1 0 Flag for DIFFOWN DIFFOWN N 4 1 Business still operating under different ownership: Yes (%) DIFFONOF N 1 0 Flag for DIFFONO DIFFONO N 4 1 Business still operating under different ownership: No (%) DIFFODKF N 1 0 Flag for DIFFODK DIFFODK N 4 1 Business still operating under different own: Don't know (%) DIFFONRF N 1 0 Flag for DIFFONR DIFFONR N 4 1 Business still operating under different own: Not reported (%) DIFFONAF N 1 0 Flag for DIFFONA DIFFONA N 4 1 Business still operating under different ownership: N/A (%) SOLDF N 1 0 Flag for SOLD SOLD N 4 1 Reason for change in ownership: Sold (%) MERGEDF N 1 0 Flag for MERGED MERGED N 4 1 Reason for change in ownership: Merged with another bus (%) ACQUIREF N 1 0 Flag for ACQUIRE ACQUIRE N 4 1 Reason for change in ownership: Acquired by larger bus (%) REFORMF N 1 0 Flag for REFORM REFORM N 4 1 Reason for chg in ownrshp: Re- formed under different own (%) REASONOF N 1 0 Flag for REASONO REASONO N 4 1 Reason for change in ownership: Other (%) REASONRF N 1 0 Flag for REASONR REASONR N 4 1 Reason for change in ownership: Not reported (%) REASONAF N 1 0 Flag for REASONA REASONA N 4 1 Reason for change in ownership: N/A (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS OWNEDE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for OWNED OWNEDNOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for OWNEDNO OWNEDNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for OWNEDNR DIFFOWNE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DIFFOWN DIFFONOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DIFFONO DIFFODKE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DIFFODK DIFFONRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DIFFONR DIFFONAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DIFFONA SOLDE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for SOLD MERGEDE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MERGED ACQUIREE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ACQUIRE REFORME N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for REFORM REASONOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for REASONO REASONRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for REASONR REASONAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for REASONA Record Size: 194 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Age, Marital Status, Birthplace of Owner FILE CBO8705 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms AGE_24F N 1 0 Flag for AGE_24 AGE_24 N 4 1 Owner under 25 (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) AGE2534F N 1 0 Flag for AGE2534 AGE2534 N 4 1 Owner 25 to 34 (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) AGE3544F N 1 0 Flag for AGE3544 AGE3544 N 4 1 Owner 35 to 44 (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) AGE4554F N 1 0 Flag for AGE4554 AGE4554 N 4 1 Owner 45 to 54 (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) AGE5564F N 1 0 Flag for AGE5564 AGE5564 N 4 1 Owner 55 to 64 (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) AGE65F N 1 0 Flag for AGE65 AGE65 N 4 1 Owner 65 and over (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) AGENRF N 1 0 Flag for AGENR AGENR N 4 1 Owner's age as of Dec 31, 1987: Not reported (%) SINGLEF N 1 0 Flag for SINGLE SINGLE N 4 1 Owner never married (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) MARRIEDF N 1 0 Flag for MARRIED MARRIED N 4 1 Owner married (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) DIVORCEF N 1 0 Flag for DIVORCE DIVORCE N 4 1 Owner divorced or separated (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) WIDOWF N 1 0 Flag for WIDOW WIDOW N 4 1 Owner widow or widower (as of Dec 31, 1987) (%) MARITNRF N 1 0 Flag for MARITNR MARITNR N 4 1 Owner's marital status as of Dec 31, 1987: Not reported (%) BORNUSF N 1 0 Flag for BORNUS BORNUS N 4 1 Owner's birthplace was United States: Yes (%) BORNOTHF N 1 0 Flag for BORNOTH BORNOTH N 4 1 Owner's birthplace was United States: No (%) BORNNRF N 1 0 Flag for BORNNR BORNNR N 4 1 Owner's birthplace was United States: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS AGE_24E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for AGE_24 AGE2534E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for AGE2534 AGE3544E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for AGE3544 AGE4554E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for AGE4554 AGE5564E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for AGE5564 AGE65E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for AGE65 AGENRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for AGENR SINGLEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for SINGLE MARRIEDE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MARRIED DIVORCEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DIVORCE WIDOWE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for WIDOW MARITNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MARITNR BORNUSE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORNUS BORNOTHE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORNOTH BORNNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORNNR Record Size: 194 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Educational Background Of Owner FILE CBO8706 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms ELEMF N 1 0 Flag for ELEM ELEM N 4 1 Highest level of education: Elementary school (%) HSF N 1 0 Flag for HS HS N 4 1 Highest level of education: High school, did not graduate (%) HSGRADF N 1 0 Flag for HSGRAD HSGRAD N 4 1 Highest level of education: High - school graduate or GED (%) COLF N 1 0 Flag for COL COL N 4 1 Highest level of education: College, did not graduate (%) COLGRADF N 1 0 Flag for COLGRAD COLGRAD N 4 1 Highest level of education: College graduate (Bachelor's) (%) GRADSCHF N 1 0 Flag for GRADSCH GRADSCH N 4 1 Highest level of education: Graduate school (%) EDUCNRF N 1 0 Flag for EDUCNR EDUCNR N 4 1 Highest level of education: Not reported (%) LIBERALF N 1 0 Flag for LIBERAL LIBERAL N 4 1 Liberal arts concentration in college (%) BUSINESF N 1 0 Flag for BUSINES BUSINES N 4 1 Business concentration in college (%) SCIENCEF N 1 0 Flag for SCIENCE SCIENCE N 4 1 Science concentration in college (%) PROFESSF N 1 0 Flag for PROFESS PROFESS N 4 1 Professional concentration in college (%) ENGINEEF N 1 0 Flag for ENGINEE ENGINEE N 4 1 Engineering concentration in college (%) COLOTHRF N 1 0 Flag for COLOTHR COLOTHR N 4 1 Other college concentration (%) VOCATIOF N 1 0 Flag for VOCATIO VOCATIO N 4 1 Vocational school beyond high school (%) NONCOLLF N 1 0 Flag for NONCOLL NONCOLL N 4 1 Other non-college school beyond high school (%) CONCNRF N 1 0 Flag for CONCNR CONCNR N 4 1 Concentration in college or other school: Not reported (%) CONCNAF N 1 0 Flag for CONCNA CONCNA N 4 1 Concentration in college or other school: N/A (h.s. or less) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS ELEME N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ELEM HSE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HS HSGRADE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HSGRAD COLE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for COL COLGRADE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for COLGRAD GRADSCHE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for GRADSCH EDUCNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EDUCNR LIBERALE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LIBERAL BUSINESE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSINES SCIENCEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for SCIENCE PROFESSE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PROFESS ENGINEEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ENGINEE COLOTHRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for COLOTHR VOCATIOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for VOCATIO NONCOLLE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for NONCOLL CONCNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CONCNR CONCNAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CONCNA Record Size: 212 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Permanent or Continuing Disability of Owner FILE CBO8707 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms DISABLEF N 1 0 Flag for DISABLE DISABLE N 4 1 Owner has a permanent or continuing disability: Yes (%) DISABNOF N 1 0 Flag for DISABNO DISABNO N 4 1 Owner has a permanent or continuing disability: No (%) DISABNRF N 1 0 Flag for DISABNR DISABNR N 4 1 Owner has a disability: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for FIRMSRS DISABLEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DISABLE DISABNOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DISABNO DISABNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DISABNR Record Size: 86 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Veteran Status, Vietnam-Era, Disabled FILE CBO8708 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms VET_6MOF N 1 0 Flag for VET_6MO VET_6MO N 4 1 Veteran of active duty less than 6 months (%) VET6MORF N 1 0 Flag for VET6MOR VET6MOR N 4 1 Veteran of active duty 6 months or more (%) NONVETF N 1 0 Flag for NONVET NONVET N 4 1 Nonveteran (%) VETNRF N 1 0 Flag for VETNR VETNR N 4 1 Veteran status not reported (%) VIETVETF N 1 0 Flag for VIETVET VIETVET N 4 1 Veteran of active duty during Vietnam era (%) VIETVNOF N 1 0 Flag for VIETVNO VIETVNO N 4 1 Not veteran of active duty during Vietnam era (%) VIETVNRF N 1 0 Flag for VIETVNR VIETVNR N 4 1 Active duty during Vietnam era: Not reported (%) VIETVNAF N 1 0 Flag for VIETVNA VIETVNA N 4 1 Active duty during Vietnam era: N/A incl not vet or < 6 mo. DISAVETF N 1 0 Flag for DISAVET DISAVET N 4 1 Disabled veteran (%) DISAVNOF N 1 0 Flag for DISAVNO DISAVNO N 4 1 Not disabled veteran (%) DISAVNRF N 1 0 Flag for DISAVNR DISAVNR N 4 1 Disabled veteran status not reported (%) DISAVNAF N 1 0 Flag for DISAVNA DISAVNA N 4 1 Disabled veteran status: N/A including nonveterans FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate for FIRMS VET_6MOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for VET_6MO VET6MORE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for VET6MOR NONVETE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for NONVET VETNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for VETNR VIETVETE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for VIETVET VIETVNOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for VIETVNO VIETVNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for VIETVNR VIETVNAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for VIETVNA DISAVETE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DISAVET DISAVNOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DISAVNO DISAVNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DISAVNR DISAVNAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for DISAVNA Record Size: 167 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Work Experience of Owner FILE CBO8709 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms PRIOR0F N 1 0 Flag for PRIOR0 PRIOR0 N 4 1 No work experience prior to acquiring ownership of bus. (%) PRIOR1F N 1 0 Flag for PRIOR1 PRIOR1 N 4 1 Less than 2 years work experience prior to acquiring own. (%) PRIOR2F N 1 0 Flag for PRIOR2 PRIOR2 N 4 1 2 to 5 years work experience prior to acquiring ownership (%) PRIOR6F N 1 0 Flag for PRIOR6 PRIOR6 N 4 1 6 to 9 years work experience prior to acquiring ownership (%) PRIOR10F N 1 0 Flag for PRIOR10 PRIOR10 N 4 1 10 to 19 years work experience prior to acquiring ownersh (%) PRIOR20F N 1 0 Flag for PRIOR20 PRIOR20 N 4 1 20 or more years work experience prior to acquiring owner (%) PRIORNRF N 1 0 Flag for PRIORNR PRIORNR N 4 1 Work experience prior to acquiring ownership: Not reported (%) PRMANAGF N 1 0 Flag for PRMANAG PRMANAG N 4 1 Managerial/executive prior work experience (%) PRWHSUPF N 1 0 Flag for PRWHSUP PRWHSUP N 4 1 Supervisory white collar prior work experience (%) PRWHNONF N 1 0 Flag for PRWHNON PRWHNON N 4 1 Nonsupervisory white collar prior work experience (%) PRBLSUPF N 1 0 Flag for PRBLSUP PRBLSUP N 4 1 Supervisory blue collar prior work experience (%) PRBLNONF N 1 0 Flag for PRBLNON PRBLNON N 4 1 Nonsupervisory blue collar prior work experience (%) ROTHERF N 1 0 Flag for PROTHER PROTHER N 4 1 Type of prior work experience: Other (%) PRNRF N 1 0 Flag for PRNR PRNR N 4 1 Type of prior work experience: Not reported (%) PRNAF N 1 0 Flag for PRNA PRNA N 4 1 Type of prior work experience: N/A (no work experience) (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for FIRMSRS PRIOR0E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRIOR0 PRIOR1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRIOR1 PRIOR2E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRIOR2 PRIOR6E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRIOR6 PRIOR10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRIOR10 PRIOR20E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRIOR20 PRIORNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRIORNR PRMANAGE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRMANAG PRWHSUPE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRWHSUP PRWHNONE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRWHNON PRBLSUPE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRBLSUP PRBLNONE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRBLNON PROTHERE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PROTHER PRNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRNR PRNAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PRNA Record Size: 194 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Experience of Owner with Other Self Employed FILE CBO8710 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms PROWNF N 1 0 Flag for PROWN PROWN N 4 1 Owner previously owned a business: Yes (%) PROWNNOF N 1 0 Flag for PROWNNO PROWNNO N 4 1 Owner previously owned a business: No (%) PROWNNRF N 1 0 Flag for PROWNNR PROWNNR N 4 1 Owner previously owned a business: Not reported (%) RELATIVF N 1 0 Flag for RELATIV RELATIV N 4 1 Close relative (s) owned a business or was self-employed (%) RELATNOF N 1 0 Flag for RELATNO RELATNO N 4 1 No close relative (s) owned a business or was self-employ. (%) RELATNAF N 1 0 Flag for RELATNA RELATNA N 4 1 Close relative (s) owned a business or was self-empl: Not reported (%) WRELATIF N 1 0 Flag for WRELATI WRELATI N 4 1 Owner worked for close relative (s) in business (%) WRELANOF N 1 0 Flag for WRELANO WRELANO N 4 1 Owner did not work for close relative (s) in business (%) WRELANRF N 1 0 Flag for WRELANR WRELANR N 4 1 Owner worked for close relative (s) in business: Not rep. (%) WRELANAF N 1 0 Flag for WRELANA WRELANA N 4 1 Owner worked for close relative (s) in business: N/A (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS PROWNE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PROWN PROWNNOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PROWNNO PROWNNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PROWNNR RELATIVE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for RELATIV RELATNOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ELATNO RELATNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ELATNR WRELATIE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for RELATI WRELANOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for RELANO WRELANRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for RELANR WRELANAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for RELANA Record Size: 149 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Months/Hours Owner Spent Managing or Working FILE CBO8711 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms MONONEF N 1 0 Flag for MONONE MONONE N 4 1 No months spent managing or working in the business (%) MO1_3F N 1 0 Flag for MO1_3 MO1_3 N 4 1 1 to 3 months spent managing or working in the business (%) MO4_6F N 1 0 Flag for MO4_6 MO4_6 N 4 1 4 to 6 months spent managing or working in the business (%) MO7_9F N 1 0 Flag for MO7_9 MO7_9 N 4 1 7 to 9 months spent managing or working in the business (%) MO10_11F N 1 0 Flag for MO10_11 MO10_11 N 4 1 10 to 11 months spent managing or working in business (%) MONTH12F N 1 0 Flag for MONTH12 MONTH12 N 4 1 12 months spent managing or working in the business (%) MONTHNRF N 1 0 Flag for MONTHNR MONTHNR N 4 1 Months spent managing or working in business: Not reported (%) HRNONEF N 1 0 Flag for HRNONE HRNONE N 4 1 Average no hours per week managing or working in business (%) HR1_9F N 1 0 Flag for HR1_9 HR1_9 N 4 1 Average 1 to 9 hours per week managing/working in business (%) HR10_19F N 1 0 Flag for HR10_19 HR10_19 N 4 1 Avg 10 to 19 hours per week managing/working in business (%) HR20_29F N 1 0 Flag for HR20_29 HR20_29 N 4 1 Avg 20 to 29 hours per week managing/working in business (%) HR30_39F N 1 0 Flag for HR30_39 HR30_39 N 4 1 Avg 30 to 39 hours per week managing/working in business (%) HR40F N 1 0 Flag for HR40 HR40 N 4 1 Average 40 hours per week managing/working in business (%) HR41_49F N 1 0 Flag for HR41_49 HR41_49 N 4 1 Avg 41 to 49 hours per week managing/working in business (%) HR50_59F N 1 0 Flag for HR50_59 HR50_59 N 4 1 Avg 51 to 59 hours per week managing/working in business (%) HR60_69F N 1 0 Flag for HR60_69 HR60_69 N 4 1 Avg 60 to 69 hours per week managing/working in business (%) HR70F N 1 0 Flag for HR70 HR70 N 4 1 Avg 70 or more hours per week managing/working in business (%) HRNRF N 1 0 Flag for HRNR HRNR N 4 1 Hours per week spent managing/working in business: Not reported (%) HRNAF N 1 0 Flag for HRNA HRNA N 4 1 Hours per week spent managing/working in business: N/A (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS MONONEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MONONE MO1_3E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MO1_3 MO4_6E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MO4_6 MO7_9E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MO7_9 MO10_11E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MO10_11 MO12E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MO12 MONAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MONA HRNONEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HRNONE HR1_9E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HR1_9 HR10_19E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HR10_19 HR20_29E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HR20_29 HR30_39E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HR30_39 HR40E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HR40 HR41_49E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HR41_49 HR50_59E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HR50_59 HR60_69E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HR60_69 HR70E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HR70 HRNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HRNR HRNAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HRNA Record Size: 230 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Household Income of Owner FILE CBO8712 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms INCOME0F N 1 0 Flag for INCOME0 INCOME0 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: Under $5,000 (%) INCOME5F N 1 0 Flag for INCOME5 INCOME5 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: $5,000 to $9,999 (%) INCOM10F N 1 0 Flag for INCOM10 INCOM10 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: $10,000 to $14,999 (%) INCOM15F N 1 0 Flag for INCOM15 INCOM15 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: $15,000 to $24,999 (%) INCOM25F N 1 0 Flag for INCOM25 INCOM25 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: $25,000 to $34,999 (%) INCOM35F N 1 0 Flag for INCOM35 INCOM35 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: $35,000 to $49,999 (%) INCOM50F N 1 0 Flag for INCOM50 INCOM50 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: $50,000 to $74,999 (%) INCOM75F N 1 0 Flag for INCOM75 INCOM75 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: $75,000 to $99,999 (%) INCO100F N 1 0 Flag for INCO100 INCO100 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: $100,000 to $149,999 (%) INCO150F N 1 0 Flag for INCO150 INCO150 N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: $150,000 or more (%) INCOMNRF N 1 0 Flag for INCOMNR INCOMNR N 4 1 Owner's household income in 1987: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS INCOME0E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCOME0 INCOME5E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCOME5 INCOM10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCOM10 INCOM15E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCOM15 INCOM25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCOM25 INCOM35E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCOM35 INCOM50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCOM50 INCOM75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCOM75 INCO100E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCO100 INCO150E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCO150 INCOMNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INCOMNR Record Size: 158 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 (% of Household Income Derived from Business FILE CBO8713 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms BUSINC0F N 1 0 Flag for BUSINC0 BUSINC0 N 4 1 None of household income derived from the business (%) BUSINC1F N 1 0 Flag for BUSINC1 BUSINC1 N 4 1 1 to 9 percent of household income derived from business (%) BUSIN10F N 1 0 Flag for BUSIN10 BUSIN10 N 4 1 10 to 24 (%) of household income derived from the business (%) BUSIN25F N 1 0 Flag for BUSIN25 BUSIN25 N 4 1 25 to 49 (%) of household income derived from the business (%) BUSIN50F N 1 0 Flag for BUSIN50 BUSIN50 N 4 1 50 to 74 (%) of household income derived from the business (%) BUSIN75F N 1 0 Flag for BUSIN75 BUSIN75 N 4 1 75 to 99 (%) of household income derived from the business (%) BUSI100F N 1 0 Flag for BUSI100 BUSI100 N 4 1 100 (%) of household income derived from the business (%) BUSINNRF N 1 0 Flag for BUSINNR BUSINNR N 4 1 (%) of household income derived from business not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS BUSINC0E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSINC0 BUSINC1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSINC1 BUSIN10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSIN10 BUSIN25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSIN25 BUSIN50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSIN50 BUSIN75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSIN75 BUSI100E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSI100 BUSINNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSINNR Record Size: 131 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Years of Ownership & Method Acquired FILE CBO8714 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms YRS1F N 1 0 Flag for YRS1 YRS1 N 4 1 1 or less years as owner of the business (%) YRS2F N 1 0 Flag for YRS2 YRS2 N 4 1 2 years as owner of the business (%) YRS3_4F N 1 0 Flag for YRS3_4 YRS3_4 N 4 1 3 to 4 years as owner of the business(%) YRS5_9F N 1 0 Flag for YRS5_9 YRS5_9 N 4 1 5 to 9 years as owner of the business (%) YRS10_4F N 1 0 Flag for YRS10_4 YRS10_4 N 4 1 10 to 14 years as owner of the business (%) YRS15_9F N 1 0 Flag for YRS15_9 YRS15_9 N 4 1 15 to 19 years as owner of the business (%) YRS20_4F N 1 0 Flag for YRS20_4 YRS20_4 N 4 1 20 to 24 years as owner of the business (%) YRS25F N 1 0 Flag for YRS25 YRS25 N 4 1 25 or more years as owner of the business (%) YRSNRF N 1 0 Flag for YRSNR YRSNR N 4 1 Years as owner of the business: Not reported (%) FOUNDERF N 1 0 Flag for FOUNDER FOUNDER N 4 1 Method owner acquired the business: Original founder (%) PURCHASF N 1 0 Flag for PURCHAS PURCHAS N 4 1 Method owner acquired the business: Purchased (%) INHERITF N 1 0 Flag for INHERIT INHERIT N 4 1 Method owner acquired the business: Inherited (%) NOINVESF N 1 0 Flag for NOINVES NOINVES N 4 1 Method owner acquired: With no personal investment (%) ACQOTHRF N 1 0 Flag for ACQOTHR ACQOTHR N 4 1 Method owner acquired the business: Other (%) ACQNRF N 1 0 Flag for ACQNR ACQNR N 4 1 Method owner acquired the business: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS YRS1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for YRS1 YRS2E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for YRS2 YRS3_4E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for YRS3_4 YRS5_9E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for YRS5_9 YRS10_4E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for YRS10_4 YRS15_9E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for YRS15_9 YRS20_4E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for YRS20_4 YRS25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for YRS25 YRSNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for YRSNR FOUNDERE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for FOUNDER PURCHASE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for PURCHAS INHERITE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INHERIT NOINVESE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for NOINVES ACQOTHRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ACQOTHR ACQNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ACQNR Record Size: 194 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Starting Capital Requirements FILE CBO8715 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms CAPNONEF N 1 0 Flag for CAPNONE CAPNONE N 4 1 Owner needed no original capital to start or acquire bus. (%) CAP1F N 1 0 Flag for CAP1 CAP1 N 4 1 Owner needed $1 to $4,999 original capital to acquire bus (%) CAP5F N 1 0 Flag for CAP5 CAP5 N 4 1 Owner needed $5,000 to $9,999 original capital (%) CAP10F N 1 0 Flag for CAP10 CAP10 N 4 1 Owner needed $10,000 to $24,999 original capital (%) CAP25F N 1 0 Flag for CAP25 CAP25 N 4 1 Owner needed $25,000 to $49,999 original capital (%) CAP50F N 1 0 Flag for CAP50 CAP50 N 4 1 Owner needed $50,000 to $99,999 original capital (%) CAP100F N 1 0 Flag for CAP100 CAP100 N 4 1 Owner needed $100,000 to $249,999 original capital (%) CAP250F N 1 0 Flag for CAP250 CAP250 N 4 1 Owner needed $250,000 to $999,999 original capital (%) CAPMILLF N 1 0 Flag for CAPMILL CAPMILL N 4 1 Owner needed $1,000,000 or more original capital (%) CAPNRF N 1 0 Flag for CAPNR CAPNR N 4 1 Amount of original capital needed: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS CAPNONEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAPNONE CAP1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAP1 CAP5E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAP5 CAP10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAP10 CAP25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAP25 CAP50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAP50 CAP100E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAP100 CAP250E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAP250 CAPMILLE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAPMILL CAPNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CAPNR Record Size: 149 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Percent of Borrowed Capital FILE CBO8716 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms BORROW0F N 1 0 Flag for BORROW0 BORROW0 N 4 1 None of original capital borrowed by owner (%) BORROW1F N 1 0 Flag for BORROW1 BORROW1 N 4 1 1 to 9 percent of original capital borrowed by owner (%) BORRO10F N 1 0 Flag for BORRO10 BORRO10 N 4 1 10 to 24 percent of original capital borrowed by owner (%) BORRO25F N 1 0 Flag for BORRO25 BORRO25 N 4 1 25 to 49 percent of original capital borrowed by owner (%) BORRO50F N 1 0 Flag for BORRO50 BORRO50 N 4 1 50 to 74 percent of original capital borrowed by owner (%) BORRO75F N 1 0 Flag for BORRO75 BORRO75 N 4 1 75 to 99 percent of original capital borrowed by owner (%) BORR100F N 1 0 Flag for BORR100 BORR100 N 4 1 100 percent of original capital borrowed by owner (%) BORRONRF N 1 0 Flag for BORRONR BORRONR N 4 1 Percent of original capital borrowed by owner: Not reported (%) BORRONAF N 1 0 Flag for BORRONA BORRONA N 4 1 Percent of original capital borrowed by owner: N/A (no cap) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS BORROW0E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORROW0 BORROW1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORROW1 BORRO10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORRO10 BORRO25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORRO25 BORRO50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORRO50 BORRO75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORRO75 BORR100E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORR100 BORRONRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORRONR BORRONAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BORRONA Record Size: 140 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Sources of Borrowed Capital FILE CBO8717 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms SPOUSEF N 1 0 Flag for SPOUSE SPOUSE N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Spouse (%) FAMILYF N 1 0 Flag for FAMILY FAMILY N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Other family members (%) FRIENDSF N 1 0 Flag for FRIENDS FRIENDS N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Friends (%) CREDITCF N 1 0 Flag for CREDITC CREDITC N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Personal credit card (%) REFINANF N 1 0 Flag for REFINAN REFINAN N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Refinanced home (%) FORMEROF N 1 0 Flag for FORMERO FORMERO N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Former owner (%) BANKF N 1 0 Flag for BANK BANK N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Commercial bank loan (%) OTRLOANF N 1 0 Flag for OTRLOAN OTRLOAN N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Other type of loan (%) GOVTF N 1 0 Flag for GOVT GOVT N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Fed., State or local gov't (%) SOURCOTF N 1 0 Flag for SOURCOT SOURCOT N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Other (%) SOURCNRF N 1 0 Flag for SOURCNR SOURCNR N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: Not reported (%) SOURCNAF N 1 0 Flag for SOURCNA SOURCNA N 4 1 Source of borrowed capital: N/A (did not borrow capital) (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS SPOUSEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for SPOUSE FAMILYE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for FAMILY FRIENDSE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for FRIENDS CREDITCE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CREDITC REFINANE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EFINAN FORMEROE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ORMERO BANKE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BANK OTRLOANE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for TRLOAN GOVTE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for GOVT SOURCOTE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for OURCOT SOURCNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for OURCNR SOURCNAE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for OURCNA Record Size: 167 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Sources of Equity Capital FILE CBO8718 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms QFAMILYF N 1 0 Flag for QFAMILY QFAMILY N 4 1 Equity capital obtained by owner from family (%) QFRIENDF N 1 0 Flag for QFRIEND QFRIEND N 4 1 Equity capital obtained by owner from friends (%) QPARTNRF N 1 0 Flag for QPARTNR QPARTNR N 4 1 Equity capital obtained by owner from partners/investors (%) QFORMERF N 1 0 Flag for QFORMER QFORMER N 4 1 Equity capital obtained by owner from former owner (%) QSELFF N 1 0 Flag for QSELF QSELF N 4 1 Equity capital obtained by owner from self (%) QOTHERF N 1 0 Flag for QOTHER QOTHER N 4 1 Equity capital obtained by owner from other (%) QNRF N 1 0 Flag for QNR QNR N 4 1 Source of equity capital obtained by owner: Not reported (%) QNONEF N 1 0 Flag for QNONE QNONE N 4 1 No equity capital was used (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS QFAMILYE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for QFAMILY QFRIENDE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for QFRIEND QPARTNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for QPARTNR QFORMERE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for QFORMER QSELFE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for QSELF QOTHERE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for QOTHER QNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for QNR QNONEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for QNONE Record Size: 131 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Home-Based Businesses FILE CBO8719 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms HOMEF N 1 0 Flag for HOME HOME N 4 1 Business operated from a private residence (%) HOMENOF N 1 0 Flag for HOMENO HOMENO N 4 1 Business not operated from a private residence (%) HOMENRF N 1 0 Flag for HOMENR HOMENR N 4 1 Business operated from a private residence: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS HOMEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HOME HOMENOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HOMENO HOMENRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for HOMENR Record Size: 86 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Assets and Liabilities FILE CBO8720 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms ASSET1F N 1 0 Flag for ASSET1 ASSET1 N 4 1 1987 assets: Less than $10,000 ASSET10F N 1 0 Flag for ASSET10 ASSET10 N 4 1 1987 assets: $10,000 to $24,999 ASSET25F N 1 0 Flag for ASSET25 ASSET25 N 4 1 1987 assets: $25,000 to $49,999 ASSET50F N 1 0 Flag for ASSET50 ASSET50 N 4 1 1987 assets: $50,000 to $74,999 ASSET75F N 1 0 Flag for ASSET75 ASSET75 N 4 1 1987 assets: $75,000 to $99,999 ASSE100F N 1 0 Flag for ASSE100 ASSE100 N 4 1 1987 assets: $100,000 to $249,999 ASSE250F N 1 0 Flag for ASSE250 ASSE250 N 4 1 1987 assets: $250,000 or more ASSETNRF N 1 0 Flag for ASSETNR ASSETNR N 4 1 1987 assets: Not reported (%) ASSET1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ASSET1 ASSET10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ASSET10 ASSET25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ASSET25 ASSET50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ASSET50 ASSET75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ASSET75 ASSE100E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ASSE100 ASSE250E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ASSE250 ASSETNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for ASSETNR LIAB1F N 1 0 Flag for LIAB1 LIAB1 N 4 1 1987 liabilities: Under $10,000 LIAB10F N 1 0 Flag for LIAB10 LIAB10 N 4 1 1987 liabilities: $10,000 to $24,999 LIAB25F N 1 0 Flag for LIAB25 LIAB25 N 4 1 1987 liabilities: $25,000 to $49,999 LIAB50F N 1 0 Flag for LIAB50 LIAB50 N 4 1 1987 liabilities: $50,000 to $74,999 LIAB75F N 1 0 Flag for LIAB75 LIAB75 N 4 1 1987 liabilities: $75,000 to $99,999 LIAB100F N 1 0 Flag for LIAB100 LIAB100 N 4 1 1987 liabilities: $100,000 to $149,999 LIAB250F N 1 0 Flag for LIAB250 LIAB250 N 4 1 1987 liabilities: $250,000 or more LIABNRF N 1 0 Flag for LIABNR LIABNR N 4 1 1987 liabilities: Not reported (%) LIAB1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LIAB1 LIAB10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LIAB10 LIAB25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LIAB25 LIAB50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LIAB50 LIAB75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LIAB75 LIAB100E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LIAB100 LIAB250E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LIAB250 LIABNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LIABNR Record Size: 199 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Net Income FILE CBO8721 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms BINC1F N 1 0 Flag for BINC1 BINC1 N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: Less than $10,000 (%) BINC10F N 1 0 Flag for BINC10 BINC10 N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: $10,000 to $24,999 (%) BINC25F N 1 0 Flag for BINC25 BINC25 N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: $25,000 to $49,999 (%) BINC50F N 1 0 Flag for BINC50 BINC50 N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: $50,000 to $74,999 (%) BINC75F N 1 0 Flag for BINC75 BINC75 N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: $75,000 to $99,999 (%) BINC100F N 1 0 Flag for BINC100 BINC100 N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: $100,000 to $249,999 (%) BINC250F N 1 0 Flag for BINC250 BINC250 N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: $250,000 to $1,000,000 (%) BINC1MF N 1 0 Flag for BINC1M BINC1M N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: $1,000,000 to $2,499,999 (%) BINC2MF N 1 0 Flag for BINC2M BINC2M N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: $2,500,000 or more (%) BLOSSF N 1 0 Flag for BLOSS BLOSS N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: Net loss (%) BINCNRF N 1 0 Flag for BINCNR BINCNR N 4 1 1987 net income before taxes: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS BINC1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINC1 BINC10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINC10 BINC25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINC25 BINC50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINC50 BINC75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINC75 BINC100E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINC100 BINC250E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINC250 BINC1ME N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINC1M BINC2ME N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINC2M BINCLOSE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINCLOS BINCNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINCNR Record Size: 158 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Net Loss FILE CBO8722 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms LOSS1F N 1 0 Flag for LOSS1 LOSS1 N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: Less than $10,000 (%) LOSS10F N 1 0 Flag for LOSS10 LOSS10 N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: $10,000 to $24,999 (%) LOSS25F N 1 0 Flag for LOSS25 LOSS25 N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: $25,000 to $49,999 (%) LOSS50F N 1 0 Flag for LOSS50 LOSS50 N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: $50,000 to $74,999 (%) LOSS75F N 1 0 Flag for LOSS75 LOSS75 N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: $75,000 to $99,999 (%) LOSS100F N 1 0 Flag for LOSS100 LOSS100 N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: $100,000 to $249,999 (%) LOSS250F N 1 0 Flag for LOSS250 LOSS250 N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: $250,000 to $1,000,000 (%) LOSS1MF N 1 0 Flag for LOSS1M LOSS1M N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: $1,000,000 to $2,499,999 (%) LOSS2MF N 1 0 Flag for LOSS2M LOSS2M N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: $2,500,000 or more (%) BINCOMEF N 1 0 Flag for BINCOME BINCOME N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: Net loss(%) LOSSNRF N 1 0 Flag for LOSSNR LOSSNR N 4 1 1987 net loss before taxes: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS LOSS1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSS1 LOSS10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSS10 LOSS25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSS25 LOSS50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSS50 LOSS75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSS75 LOSS100E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSS100 LOSS250E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSS250 LOSS1ME N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSS1M LOSS2ME N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSS2M BINCOMEE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BINCOME LOSSNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOSSNR Record Size: 158 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Percent of Women Employees FILE CBO8723 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms WOMEN0F N 1 0 Flag for WOMEN0 WOMEN0 N 4 1 No women employees (pay period including March 12, 1987) (%) WOMEN1F N 1 0 Flag for WOMEN1 WOMEN1 N 4 1 1 to 9 percent women employees (March 12, 1987) (%) WOMEN10F N 1 0 Flag for WOMEN10 WOMEN10 N 4 1 10 to 24 percent women employees (March 12, 1987) (%) WOMEN25F N 1 0 Flag for WOMEN25 WOMEN25 N 4 1 25 to 49 percent women employees March 12, 1987) (%) WOMEN50F N 1 0 Flag for WOMEN50 WOMEN50 N 4 1 50 to 74 percent women employees March 12, 1987) (%) WOMEN75F N 1 0 Flag for WOMEN75 WOMEN75 N 4 1 75 to 100 percent women employees March 12, 1987) (%) WOMENDKF N 1 0 Flag for WOMENDK WOMENDK N 4 1 Percent of women employees (March 12, 1987) : Don't know (%) WOMENNRF N 1 0 Flag for WOMENNR WOMENNR N 4 1 Percent of women employees: Not reported (%) NOEMPLOF N 1 0 Flag for NOEMPLO NOEMPLO N 4 1 No paid employees for pay period including March 12, 1987 (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS WOMEN0E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for WOMEN0 WOMEN1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for WOMEN1 WOMEN10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for WOMEN10 WOMEN25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for WOMEN25 WOMEN50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for WOMEN50 WOMEN75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for WOMEN75 WOMENDKE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for WOMENDK WOMENNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for WOMENNR NOEMPLOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for NOEMPLO Record Size: 140 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Percent of Minority Employees FILE CBO8724 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms MINEM0F N 1 0 Flag for MINEM0 MINEM0 N 4 1 No minority employees (pay period including March 12, 1987) MINEM1F N 1 0 Flag for MINEM1 MINEM1 N 4 1 1 to 9 percent minority employees (March 12, 1987) (%) MINEM10F N 1 0 Flag for MINEM10 MINEM10 N 4 1 10 to 24 percent minority employees (March 12, 1987) (%) MINEM25F N 1 0 Flag for MINEM25 MINEM25 N 4 1 25 to 49 percent minority employees (March 12, 1987) (%) MINEM50F N 1 0 Flag for MINEM50 MINEM50 N 4 1 50 to 74 percent minority employees (March 12, 1987) (%) MINEM75F N 1 0 Flag for MINEM75 MINEM75 N 4 1 75 to 100 percent minority employees (March 12, 1987) (%) MINEMDKF N 1 0 Flag for MINEMDK MINEMDK N 4 1 Percent of minority employees (March 12, 1987) : Don't know (%) MINEMNRF N 1 0 Flag for MINEMNR MINEMNR N 4 1 Percent of minority employees: Not reported (%) NOEMPLOF N 1 0 Flag for NOEMPLO NOEMPLO N 4 1 No paid employees for pay period including March 12, 1987 (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS MINEM0E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINEM0 MINEM1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINEM1 MINEM10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINEM10 MINEM25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINEM25 MINEM50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINEM50 MINEM75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINEM75 MINEMDKE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINEMDK MINEMNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINEMNR NOEMPLOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for NOEMPLO Record Size: 140 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Percent of Minority Customers FILE CBO8725 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms MINCU0F N 1 0 Flag for MINCU0 MINCU0 N 4 1 No minority customers (%) MINCU1F N 1 0 Flag for MINCU1 MINCU1 N 4 1 1 to 9 percent minority customers (%) MINCU10F N 1 0 Flag for MINCU10 MINCU10 N 4 1 10 to 24 percent minority customers (%) MINCU25F N 1 0 Flag for MINCU25 MINCU25 N 4 1 25 to 49 percent minority customers (%) MINCU50F N 1 0 Flag for MINCU50 MINCU50 N 4 1 50 to 74 percent minority customers (%) MINCU75F N 1 0 Flag for MINCU75 MINCU75 N 4 1 75 to 100 percent minority customers (%) MINCUDKF N 1 0 Flag for MINCUDK MINCUDK N 4 1 Percent of minority customers: Don't know (%) MINCUNRF N 1 0 Flag for MINCUNR MINCUNR N 4 1 Percent of minority customers: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS MINCU0E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINCU0 MINCU1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINCU1 MINCU10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINCU10 MINCU25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINCU25 MINCU50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINCU50 MINCU75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINCU75 MINCUDKE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINCUDK MINCUNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for MINCUNR Record Size: 131 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Percent of Sales that Were Exports FILE CBO8726 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms EXPORT0F N 1 0 Flag for EXPORT0 EXPORT0 N 4 1 Percent of total sales that were exports: None (%) EXPORT1F N 1 0 Flag for EXPORT1 EXPORT1 N 4 1 Percent of total sales that were exports: 1 to 9 (%) EXPOR10F N 1 0 Flag for EXPOR10 EXPOR10 N 4 1 Percent of total sales that were exports: 10 to 24 (%) EXPOR25F N 1 0 Flag for EXPOR25 EXPOR25 N 4 1 Percent of total sales that were exports: 25 to 49 (%) EXPOR50F N 1 0 Flag for EXPOR50 EXPOR50 N 4 1 Percent of total sales that were exports: 50 to 74 (%) EXPOR75F N 1 0 Flag for EXPOR75 EXPOR75 N 4 1 Percent of total sales that were exports: 75 to 99 (%) EXPO100F N 1 0 Flag for EXPO100 EXPO100 N 4 1 Percent of total sales that were exports: 100 (%) EXPORDKF N 1 0 Flag for EXPORDK EXPORDK N 4 1 Percent of total sales that were exports: Don't know (%) EXPORNRF N 1 0 Flag for EXPORNR EXPORNR N 4 1 Percent of total sales that were exports: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS EXPORT0E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EXPORT0 EXPORT1E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EXPORT1 EXPOR10E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EXPOR10 EXPOR25E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EXPOR25 EXPOR50E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EXPOR50 EXPOR75E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EXPOR75 EXPO100E N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EXPO100 EXPORDKE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EXPORDK EXPORNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for EXPORNR Record Size: 140 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Sales by Class of Customer FILE CBO8727 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms FEDERALF N 1 0 Flag for FEDERAL FEDERAL N 4 1 1987 sales to Federal Government (%) STATEGVF N 1 0 Flag for STATEGV STATEGV N 4 1 1987 sales to State government (%) LOCALGVF N 1 0 Flag for LOCALGV LOCALGV N 4 1 1987 sales to local government (%) BUSINESF N 1 0 Flag for BUSINES BUSINES N 4 1 1987 sales to other businesses and/or corporations (%) INDIVIDF N 1 0 Flag for INDIVID INDIVID N 4 1 1987 sales to individuals (%) OTHERCUF N 1 0 Flag for OTHERCU OTHERCU N 4 1 1987 sales to all others (%) CUSTNRF N 1 0 Flag for CUSTNR CUSTNR N 4 1 Percent of 1987 sales to customer categories: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS FEDERALE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for FEDERAL STATEGVE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for STATEGV LOCALGVE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for LOCALGV BUSINESE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for BUSINES INDIVIDE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for INDIVID OTHERCUE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for OTHERCU CUSTNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for CUSTNR Record Size: 122 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 Franchise Businesses FILE CBO8728 LAYOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Field Field Name Type Size Decimal Field Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE C 1 0 Table: a=by sector, b=receipts size, c=employment, d=legal GROUP C 1 0 Group: 1=Hispanic, 2=Black, 3=Other min, 4=women, 5=nonminority men SECTOR C 1 0 Industry division (0=All) (N/A for tables b,c,d) RCTSZMOB C 2 0 Receipt size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,c,d) EMPSZMOB C 2 0 Employment size of firm (00=All) (N/A for tables a,b,d) LEGALMOB C 1 0 Legal form of organization (0=All) (N/A for tables a,b,c) TEXT C 37 0 Description FIRMS N 9 0 Number of firms FRANCHIF N 1 0 Flag for FRANCHI FRANCHI N 4 1 Franchised business (%) FRANCNOF N 1 0 Flag for FRANCNO FRANCNO N 4 1 Not franchised business (%) FRANCNRF N 1 0 Flag for FRANCNR FRANCNR N 4 1 Franchised business: Not reported (%) FIRMSRSE N 4 1 Relative standard error of estimate (%) for FIRMS FRANCHIE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for FRANCHI FRANCNOE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for FRANCNO FRANCNRE N 4 1 Standard error of estimate for FRANCNR Record Size: 86 CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS OWNERS, 1987 User Notes This section will contain information relevant to the Characteristics of Business Owners, 1987 that indicates specific problems with the data, or that becomes available after the file is released. The cover letter to the updated information should be filed behind this page. User Notes will be sent to all users who (1) purchased their file (or technical documentation) from the Census Bureau and (2) returned the coupon following the CD-ROM File Information.