1992 CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES Data Item Definitions =>TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION ->Introduction This item provides data by the types of buildings, structures, or other facilities being constructed or worked on by construction establishments in 1992. Respondents were instructed that each building, structure, or other facility should be classified in terms of its function. For example, a restaurant building was to be classified in the restaurant category whether it was designed as a commercial restaurant building or an auxiliary unit of an educational institution. If respondents worked on more than one type of building or structure in a multibuilding complex, they were instructed to report separately for each building or type of structure. If they worked on a building that had more than one purpose, i.e, office and residential, or commercial, they were to classify the building by major purpose. In addition all respondents were requested to report the percentage of the value of construction work done for new construction, additions, alterations, or reconstruction, and maintenance and repair work for each of these types. ->New Construction (NEW) Includes the complete, original building of structures and essential service facilities and the initial installation of integral equipment such as elevators and plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning supplies and equipment. ->Additions, Alterations or Reconstruction (A&A) Includes construction work which adds to the value or useful life of an existing building or structure, or which adapts a building or structure to a new or different use. Included are "major replacements" of building systems such as the installation of a new roof or heating system and the resurfacing of streets or highways. This contrasts to the repair of a hole in a roof or the routine patching of highways and streets, which would be classified as maintenance and repair. ->Maintenance and Repair (M&R) Includes incidental construction work which keeps a property in ordinary working condition. Excluded are trash and snow removal, lawn maintenance and landscaping, cleaning and janitorial services. =>NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS IN BUSINESS DURING YEAR Includes all establishments that were in business at any time during the year. It covers all full-year and part-year operations. Construction establishments which were inactive or idle for the entire year were not included. =>PROPRIETORS AND WORKING PARTNERS These data were not collected on the census report forms. The data shown are based on crediting each sole proprietorship establishment with one active proprietor and each partnership establishment with two working partners. =>ALL EMPLOYEES ->Introduction Comprise all full-time and part-time employees on the payrolls of construction establishments, who worked or received pay for any part of the pay period including the 12th of March, May, August, and November. Included are all persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays, and paid vacations during these pay periods. Officers of corporations are included, but proprietors and partners of unincorporated firms are not. All employees is the sum of all employees during the pay periods including the 12th of March, May, August, and November, divided by 4. ->Construction workers Includes all workers up through the working supervisor level directly engaged in construction operations, such as painters, carpenters, plumbers, and electricians. Included are journeymen, mechanics, apprentices, laborers, truck drivers and helpers, equipment operators, and on-site record keepers and security guards. Supervisory employees above the working foreman level are excluded from this category but are included in the "other employees" category. ->Other employees Includes employees in executive, purchasing, accounting, personnel, professional, technical activities, and routine office functions. Also included are supervisory employees above the working foreman level. =>PAYROLL Includes the gross earnings paid in the calendar year 1992 to all employees on the payroll of construction establishments. It includes all forms of compensation such as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses, vacation and sick leave pay, prior to such deductions as employees' Social Security contributions, withholding taxes, group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total includes salaries of officers of these establishments, if a corporation, but excludes payments to the proprietor or partners, if unincorporated. =>FRINGE BENEFITS ->Introduction Represents expenditures made by the employer during 1992 for legally required and voluntary fringe benefit programs for employees. ->Legally required contributions Includes Social Security contributions, unemployment compensation, workman's compensation, and State temporary disability payments. ->Voluntary payments Include life insurance premiums, pension plans, insurance premiums on hospital and medical plans, welfare plans, and union negotiated benefits. =>DOLLAR VALUE OF BUSINESS DONE ->Value of construction work done In earlier censuses, construction receipts only were collected. In 1987 and 1992, the value of construction work was collected to better measure actual construction activity done during the year. Includes all value of construction work done during 1992 for construction work performed by general contractors and special trades contractors. Included is new construction, additions and alterations or reconstruction, and maintenance and repair construction work. Also included is the value of any construction work done by the reporting establishments for themselves. Speculative builders were instructed to include the value of buildings and other structures built or being built for sale in 1992 but not sold. They were to include the costs of such construction plus normal profit. Also included is the cost of construction work done on buildings for rent or lease. Establishments engaged in the sale and installation of such construction components as plumbing, heating, and central air conditioning supplies and equipment; lumber and building materials; paint, glass, and wallpaper; and electrical and wiring supplies, elevators or escalators were instructed to include both the value for the installation and the receipts covering the price of the items installed. Excluded was the cost of industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment which are not an integral part of a structure. ->Other business receipts Includes business receipts not reported as value of construction work done. The item includes business receipts from retail and wholesale trade, rental of equipment, manufacturing, transportation, legal service, insurance, finance, rental of property and other real estate operations, and other nonconstruction activities. Receipts for separately definable architectural and engineering work for others are also included here. Excluded was the value of construction work done and receipts from other business operations in foreign countries and non-operating income such as interest and dividends. =>NET VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK Derived for each establishment by subtracting the costs for construction work subcontracted to others from the value of construction work done. (For a further explanation see "Duplication in Value of Construction Work" section in the Introduction, File CC92.INT.) =>VALUE ADDED Derived for each establishment, value added is equal to dollar value of business done, less costs for construction work subcontracted out to others, and costs for materials, components, supplies and fuels. (For a further explanation see "Duplication in Value of Construction Work" section in the Introduction, File CC92.INT.) =>SELECTED EXPENDITURES ->Selected Costs Represents the costs for materials, components, and supplies; costs for construction work subcontracted to out others; and costs for selected power, fuels, and lubricants. Capital expenditures and rental costs for machinery, equipment, and structures are shown elsewhere. ->Costs for materials, components, and supplies Total costs to reporting establishments during 1992 for the purchase of all materials, components, and supplies, except fuels. (Supplies include expendable tools which are charged to current accounts.) Freight and other direct charges representing only amount paid after discounts, and the value of materials, components, and supplies obtained from other establishments of the respondent's company. Costs for materials, components, and supplies used by the reporting establishments in the construction or reconstruction of buildings/structures for themselves which are chargeable to their fixed assets accounts, are included in this item as are costs for materials bought and resold to others. Costs made for direct purchases of materials, components, and supplies even though the purchases were subsequently provided to subcontractors for their use. Excluded from this item are: Industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment, such as printing presses; computer systems, which are not an integral part of a structure; materials furnished to contractors by the owners of projects. ->Costs for construction work subcontracted out to others All costs during 1992 for construction work subcontracted out to other construction contractors. Excluded from this item are: The costs to the reporting establishment for its purchases of materials, components, and supplies provided to a subcontractor for use. Such costs are reported under, "Costs for materials, components, and supplies." Costs for the rental of machinery or equipment. ->Costs for selected power, fuels, and lubricants Costs for fuels, lubricants, and electric energy purchased during the year from other companies, or received from other establishments of the company. Costs for natural and manufactured gas, fuel oil, coal and coke products. ->Selected Purchased Services Includes all costs during 1992 for communication services purchased from other companies or from other establishments of the company. It also includes the cost of all repairs made to structures and equipment by outside companies or from other establishments of the same company. It includes only the cost of that repair necessary to maintain property and equipment. It excludes the cost of improvements that increase the value of property or the cost of adapting it for another use. Such costs are included in "capital expenditures". ->Rental Costs for Machinery, Equipment, and Buildings Includes all costs during 1992 for renting or leasing construction machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, production equipment, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, scaffolding, office space, and buildings. It excludes costs for the rental of land. It also excludes costs under agreements which, in effect, are conditional sales contracts such as capital leases. Such costs are included in "capital expenditures." =>ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION Refers to the original cost of all fixed tangible assets such as buildings and other structures (offices and shops); stationary machinery (generators and shop equipment); mobile machinery (tractors and trucks); and other equipment (office furniture and fixtures). Not included are such items as current assets, depletable assets, intangible assets, and nondepreciable assets. Data on assets and depreciation were collected separately for: (1) buildings and other structures, additions, and related facilities; and, (2) machinery and equipment. Respondents were also asked to report capitalized expenditures, depreciation charges, and the gross value of assets sold, retired, scrapped, destroyed, etc., during 1992. =>CAPITAL EXPENDITURES Refers to all costs actually incurred during 1992 which were or would be chargeable to the fixed assets accounts of the reporting establishments and which were of the type for which depreciation accounts are ordinarily maintained. These expenditures cover the acquisition, the construction, and the major alteration of the reporting establishment's own buildings and other structures, whether purchased, constructed under contract, or constructed by the reporting establishment's own forces; and the acquisition of machinery and equipment. If leasing arrangements met the criteria set down by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) for a capital lease, respondents were instructed to report the original cost or market value of that equipment or building as a fixed asset and capital expenditure if acquired during 1992. If capital expenditures were not recorded directly at the establishment level but handled centrally at the company or division level, respondents were requested to report appropriate estimates for the individual establishments. =>INVENTORIES Includes all of the materials and supplies that are owned regardless of where they are held. Excludes materials which are owned by others, but held by the reporting establishment. Builders who built on their own account for sale were requested to exclude work in progress and finished units not sold from inventories. Inventories of multiestablishment companies were instructed to be reported by the establishment that is responsible for the inventories even if these inventories were held at a separate location. =>OWNERSHIP OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS Shows the distribution of the value of construction work done by ownership of the project; that is, Government owned or privately owned. This classification relates to the ownership of the projects or work undertaken during the construction phase. Government owned projects are shown separately for Federal, and State and local governments. =>VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK SUBCONTRACTED IN FROM OTHERS Includes the value of construction work during 1992 for work done by reporting establishments as subcontractors. Establishments were asked to report the approximate percent of total value of construction work accounted for by such work, and the percentages reported were applied to the reported value of construction work to develop a value for this item. =>ESTABLISHMENT A "construction establishment" is defined as a relatively permanent office or other place of business where the usual business activities related to construction are conducted. With some exceptions, a relatively permanent office is one which has been established for the management of more than one project or job and which is expected to be maintained on a continuing basis. Such "establishment" activities include, but are not limited to estimating, bidding, purchasing, supervising, and operation of the actual construction work being conducted at one or more construction sites. Separate construction reports were not required for each project or construction site. Companies with more than one construction establishment were required to submit a separate report for each such establishment operated during all or any part of 1992.