Description of Industries and Summary of Findings INDUSTRY 2021, CREAMERY BUTTER This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing creamery butter. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 2021, Creamery Butter, had employment of 1.5 thousand. The employment figure was 12 percent below the 1.7 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment decreased 12 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Minnesota and Wisconsin. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $1.0 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 2021 shipped $733.9 million of creamery butter considered primary to the industry, $244.3 million of secondary products, and had $55.8 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 75 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 76 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 61 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 64 percent. The products primary to industry 2021, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $1.2 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the creamery butter industry amounted to $883.7 million. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. No establishments in this industry were excluded from the mail portion of the census. However, for a small number of establishments, reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated. For these establishments data were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 1 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 2022, CHEESE, NATURAL AND PROCESSED This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing natural cheese (except cottage cheese), processed cheese, cheese foods, cheese spreads, and cheese analogs (imitations and substitutes). These establishments also produce byproducts, such as raw liquid whey. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cottage cheese are classified in industry 2026. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cheese-based salad dressings are classified in industry 2035. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 2022, Cheese, Natural and Processed, had employment of 36.3 thousand. The employment figure was 10 percent above the 33.0 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment increased 4 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, Illinois, Minnesota, and Wisconsin accounting for approximately 58 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when Illinois, Minnesota, New York, and Wisconsin accounted for approximately 60 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $18.4 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 2022 shipped $15.4 billion of cheese, natural and processed, considered primary to the industry, $2.3 billion of secondary products, and had $661.4 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 87 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 86 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 97 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 95 percent. The products primary to industry 2022, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $15.9 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the cheese, natural and processed, industry amounted to $13.9 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 9 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 2023, DRY, CONDENSED, AND EVAPORATED DAIRY PRODUCTS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dry, condensed, and evaporated dairy products. Also included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing mixes for the preparation of frozen ice cream and ice milk and dairy and nondairy base cream substitutes and dietary supplements. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 2023, Dry, Condensed, and Evaporated Dairy Products, had employment of 15.2 thousand. The employment figure was 8 percent above the 14.1 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment increased 12 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $7.5 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 2023 shipped $6.0 billion of dry, condensed, and evaporated dairy products considered primary to the industry, $1.2 billion of secondary products, and had $402.5 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 83 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 84 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 81 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 75 percent. The products primary to industry 2023, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $7.4 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the dry, condensed, and evaporated dairy products industry amounted to $4.2 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 13 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 2024, ICE CREAM AND FROZEN DESSERTS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ice cream and other frozen desserts. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen bakery products, such as cakes and pies are classified in industry 2053. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 2024, Ice Cream and Frozen Desserts, had employment of 20.9 thousand. The employment figure was 3 percent above the 20.3 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Texas. This represents a shift from 1987 when California, Illinois, New York, and Pennsylvania were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $5.3 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 2024 shipped $4.5 billion of ice cream and frozen desserts considered primary to the industry, $346.0 million of secondary products, and had $494.5 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 93 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio also was 93 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 84 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 78 percent. The products primary to industry 2024, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $5.3 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the ice cream and frozen desserts industry amounted to $3.2 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 15 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 14 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 2026, FLUID MILK This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in processing (pasturizing, homogenizing, vitaminizing, bottling) fluid milk and cream, and related products, including cottage cheese, yogurt (except frozen), and other fermented milk. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dry mix whipped toppings are classified in industry 2023. Establishments primarily engaged in producing frozen whipped toppings are classified in industry 2038; and those producing frozen yogurt are classified in industry 2024. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 2026, Fluid Milk, had employment of 63.4 thousand. The employment figure was 12 percent below the 72.4 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment decreased 3 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, New York, Pennsylvania, and Texas, accounting for approximately 30 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when California, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas accounted for approximately 27 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $21.9 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 2026 shipped $17.1 billion of fluid milk products considered primary to the industry, $2.5 billion of secondary products, and had $2.3 billion of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 87 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 85 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 92 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 93 percent. The products primary to industry 2026, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $18.6 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the fluid milk industry amounted to $16.0 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 17 percent of the total value of shipments.