Description of Industries and Summary of Findings INDUSTRY 2841, SOAP AND OTHER DETERGENTS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing soap, synthetic organic detergents, inorganic alkaline detergents or any combination thereof, and establishments producing crude and refined glycerin from vegetable and animal fats. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing shampoos or shaving products, whether from soap or synthetic detergents, are classified in industry 2844; and those manufacturing synthetic glycerin are classified in 2869. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 2841, Soap and Other Detergents, had employment of 32.9 thousand. The employment figure was 4 percent above the 31.7 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Michigan, Ohio, California, and Illinois, accounting for approximately 43 percent of the industry's employment. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $14.8 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 2841 shipped $10.0 billion of soaps and other detergents considered primary to the industry, $2.7 billion of secondary products, and had $2.0 billion of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 79 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 80 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 91 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio also was 91 percent. The products primary to industry 2841, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $11.1 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the soap and other detergents industry amounted to $7.0 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 7 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 2842, POLISHES AND SANITATION GOODS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing furniture, metal, and other polishes; waxes and dressings for fabricated leather and other materials; household, institutional, and industrial plant disinfectants; nonpersonal deodorants; drycleaning preparations; household bleaches; and other sanitation preparations. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial bleaches are classified in industry 2819, and those manufacturing household pesticidal preparations are classified in industry 2879. Products of this industry also are collected in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) MA-28A, Inorganic Chemicals. For information regarding the CIR, see Contacts for Data Users at the end of the Census of Manufactures section. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 2842, Polishes and Sanitation Goods, had employment of 22.0 thousand. The employment figure was 7 percent above the 20.6 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment increased 12 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Wisconsin, Illinois, Ohio, and California. This represents a shift from 1987 when Illinois, New York, Wisconsin, and Georgia were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $6.7 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 2842 shipped $4.6 billion of polishes and sanitation goods considered primary to the industry, $1.5 billion of secondary products, and had $643.5 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 76 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 73 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 70 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 77 percent. The products primary to industry 2842, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $6.5 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the polish and sanitation goods industry amounted to $2.5 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 13 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 2843, SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in producing surface active preparations for use as wetting agents, emulsifiers, and penetrants. Establishments primarily engaged in producing sulfonated oils and fats and related products are also included. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 2843, Surface Active Agents, had employment of 8.2 thousand. The employment figure was 10 percent below the 9.1 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment decreased 12 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Illinois, North Carolina, New Jersey, and South Carolina, accounting for approximately 49 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when Illinois, New Jersey, South Carolina, and Louisiana, accounted for approximately 45 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $2.9 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 2843 shipped $2.4 billion of surface active agents considered primary to the industry, $359.9 million of secondary products, and had $152.8 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 87 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 75 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 62 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 75 percent. The products primary to industry 2843, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $3.8 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the surface active agents industry amounted to $1.7 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 15 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 8 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 2844, TOILET PREPARATIONS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing perfumes (natural and synthetic), cosmetics, and other toilet preparations. It also includes establishments engaged in blending and compounding perfume bases; and those manufacturing shampoos and shaving products, whether from soap or synthetic detergents. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic perfume and flavoring materials are classified in industry 2869, and those manufacturing essential oils are classified in industry 2899. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 2844, Toilet Preparations, had employment of 60.1 thousand. The employment figure was 4 percent above the 57.9 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment increased 5 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were New Jersey, New York, California, and Illinois, accounting for approximately 53 percent of the industry's employment. These same States were the leaders in 1987 when they accounted for 58 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $18.7 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 2844 shipped $16.9 billion of toilet preparations considered primary to the industry, $788.8 million of secondary products, and had $1.1 billion of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 96 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 95 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 90 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 88 percent. The products primary to industry 2844, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $18.8 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the toilet preparations industry amounted to $5.6 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 15 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 8 percent of the total value of shipments.