Description of Industries and Summary of Findings INDUSTRY 3221, GLASS CONTAINERS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass containers for commercial packing and bottling and for home canning. Products of this industry also are collected in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) M-32G, Glass Containers. For information regarding the CIR, see Contacts for Data Users at the end of the Census of Manufactures section. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3221, Glass Containers, had employment of 32.3 thousand. The employment figure was 21 percent below the 41.1 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment decreased 6 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Illinois, accounting for approximately 47 percent of the industry's employment. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $4.9 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3221 shipped $4.8 billion of glass container products considered primary to the industry, $32.8 million of secondary products, and had $10.6 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 99 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio also was 99 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 100 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 99 percent. The products primary to industry 3221, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $4.8 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the glass containers industry amounted to $1.9 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. No establishments in this industry were excluded from the mail portion of the census. No data were obtained from administrative records of other agencies. INDUSTRY 3229, PRESSED AND BLOWN GLASS, N.E.C. This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass and glassware, not elsewhere classified, pressed, blown, or shaped from glass produced in the same establishment. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing textile glass fibers also are included in this industry, but establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass wool insulation products are classified in industry 3296. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fiber optic cables are classified in industry 3357, and those manufacturing fiber optic medical devices are classified in industry group 384. Establishments primarily engaged in the production of pressed lenses for vehicular lighting, beacons, and lanterns are also included in this industry, but establishments primarily engaged in the production of optical lenses are classified in industry 3827. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass containers are classified in industry 3221, and those manufacturing complete electric light bulbs are classified in industry 3641. Products of this industry also are collected in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) MA-32E, Consumer, Scientific, Technical, and Industrial Glassware. For information regarding the CIR, see Contacts for Data Users at the end of the Census of Manufactures section. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3229, Pressed and Blown Glass, N.E.C., had employment of 33.9 thousand. The employment figure was 7 percent below the 36.3 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Ohio, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and West Virginia, accounting for approximately 55 percent of the industry's employment. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $4.2 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3229 shipped $4.0 billion of pressed and blown glass products, not elsewhere classified, considered primary to the industry, $28.0 million of secondary products, and had $156.6 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 99 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio also was 99 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 98 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 97 percent. The products primary to industry 3229, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $4.1 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the pressed and blown glass, not elsewhere classified, industry amounted to $1.4 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 3 percent of the total value of shipments.