Description of Industries and Summary of Findings

INDUSTRY 3231, PRODUCTS OF PURCHASED GLASS

This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in
manufacturing glass products from purchased glass. Establishments primarily
engaged in manufacturing optical lenses, except ophthalmic, are classified
in industry 3827, and those manufacturing ophthalmic lenses are classified
in industry 3851.

The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title
also are the same.

In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3231, Products of Purchased
Glass, had employment of 54.7 thousand. The employment figure was 7 percent
above the 51.1 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment
increased 5 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual
survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year
between censuses.

The leading States in employment in 1992 were Michigan, North Carolina,
Ohio, and California, accounting for approximately 32 percent of the
industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when California,
Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Michigan accounted for approximately 35 percent of
the industry's employment.

The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry
was $6.9 billion.

Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well
as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have
some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts.
Industry 3231 shipped $6.5 billion of purchased glass products considered
primary to the industry, $195.1 million of secondary products, and had
$161.9 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus,
the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary
products shipped by establishments in this industry was 97 percent
(specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 95 percent.

Establishments in this industry also accounted for 95 percent of products
considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually
produced (coverage ratio).

The products primary to industry 3231, no matter in what industry they were
produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $6.9 billion. For further
explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the
appendixes.

The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by
establishments classified in the products of purchased glass industry
amounted to $3.2 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in
file MC92F7.

Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees
were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these
establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports
were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from
administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry
averages. These establishments accounted for 6 percent of the total value
of shipments.