Description of Industries and Summary of Findings INDUSTRY 3421, CUTLERY This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing safety razors, razor blades, scissors, shears, and other cutlery of metal, except precious metal and table cutlery with handles of metal. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing precious metal cutlery and table cutlery with handles of metal are classified in industry 3914; those manufacturing electric razors, knives, or scissors are classified in industry 3634; those manufacturing hair clippers for human use are classified in industry 3999 and for animal use in industry 3523; and those manufacturing power hedge shears and trimmers are classified in industry 3524. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3421, Cutlery, had employment of 11.2 thousand. The employment figure was 7 percent above the 10.5 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment increased 8 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Massachusetts, New York, Connecticut, and Wisconsin, accounting for approximately 54 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, and California accounted for approximately 56 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $1.5 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3421 shipped $1.3 billion of cutlery considered primary to the industry, $76.9 million of secondary products, and had $101.3 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 95 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 96 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 90 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 88 percent. The products primary to industry 3421, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $1.5 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the cutlery industry amounted to $430.5 million. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 4 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3423, HAND AND EDGE TOOLS, N.E.C. This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing files and other hand and edge tools for metalworking, woodworking, and general maintenance. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing handsaws and saw blades are classified in industry 3425; and those manufacturing metal cutting dies, power-driven handtools, and attachments and accessories for machine tools are classified in major group 35. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3423, Hand and Edge Tools, N.E.C., had employment of 39.7 thousand. The employment figure was 5 percent below the 41.9 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Ohio, Illinois, California, and Minnesota, accounting for approximately 32 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when Ohio, Illinois, North Carolina, and Minnesota were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $4.2 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3423 shipped $3.3 billion of hand and edge tools, not elsewhere classified, considered primary to the industry, $335.7 million of secondary products, and had $530.9 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 91 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 90 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 91 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 92 percent. The products primary to industry 3423, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $3.7 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the hand and edge tools, not elsewhere classified, industry amounted to $1.6 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 7 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3425, SAW BLADES AND HANDSAWS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing handsaw and saw blades for hand and power-driven saws. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing power-driven sawing machines are classified in major group 35. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3425, Saw Blades and Handsaws, had employment of 7.6 thousand. The employment figure was 1 percent below the 7.7 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Oregon, Massachusetts, Kentucky, and Ohio, accounting for approximately 46 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when Massachusetts, Oregon, Kentucky, and Virginia accounted for approximately 46 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $847.2 million. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3425 shipped $644.3 million of saw blades, and handsaws considered primary to the industry, $96.9 million of secondary products, and had $106.0 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 87 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 90 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 90 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 87 percent. The products primary to industry 3425, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $716.0 million. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the saw blades and handsaws industry amounted to $341.1 million. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 6 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3429, HARDWARE, N.E.C. This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing miscellaneous metal products usually termed hardware, not elsewhere classified. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bolts and nuts are classified in industry 3452; those manufacturing nails and spikes are classified in major group 33; those manufacturing cutlery are classified in industry 3421; those manufacturing handtools are classified in industry 3423; and those manufacturing pole line and transmission hardware are classified in industry group 364. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3429, Hardware, N.E.C., had employment of 75.4 thousand. The employment figure was 12 percent below the 85.2 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Illinois, California, Michigan, and Ohio, accounting for approximately 38 percent of the industry's employment. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $8.8 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3429 shipped $8.1 billion of hardware, not elsewhere classified, considered primary to the industry, $308.5 million of secondary products, and had $442.6 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 96 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 95 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 96 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 95 percent. The products primary to industry 3429, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $8.5 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the hardware, not elsewhere classified, industry amounted to $4.0 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 9 percent of the total value of shipments.