Description of Industries and Summary of Findings INDUSTRY 3441, FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in fabricated iron and steel or other metal for structural purposes, such as bridges, buildings, and sections for ships, boats, and barges. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal doors, sash, frames, molding, and trim are classified in industry 3442; and establishments doing fabrication work at the site of construction are classified in Division C, Construction. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3441, Fabricated Structural Metal, had employment of 72.0 thousand. The employment figure was 11 percent below the 80.9 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment decreased 7 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Texas, California, Pennsylvania, and Louisiana, accounting for approximately 28 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when California, Texas, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $8.9 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3441 shipped $7.7 billion of products considered primary to the industry, $398.8 million of secondary products, and had $837.5 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 95 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 94 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 95 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio also was 95 percent. The products primary to industry 3441, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $8.1 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the fabricated structural metal industry amounted to $4.9 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 16 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3442, METAL DOORS, SASH, AND TRIM This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in ferrous and nonferrous metal doors, sash, window and door frames and screens, molding, and trim. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal covered wood doors, windows, sash, frames, molding, and trim are classified in industry 2431. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3442, Metal Doors, Sash, and Trim, had employment of 67.8 thousand. The employment figure was 9 percent below the 74.7 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, Texas, Pennsylvania, and Florida, accounting for approximately 33 percent of the industry's employment. These same States were the leaders in 1987 when they accounted for 33 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $7.1 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3442 shipped $6.2 billion of products considered primary to the industry, $613.6 million of secondary products, and had $343.3 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 91 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 92 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 96 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 94 percent. The products primary to industry 3442, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $6.4 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the metal doors, sash, and trim industry amounted to $3.9 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 6 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3443, FABRICATED PLATE WORK (BOILER SHOPS) This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing power and marine boilers, pressure and nonpressure tanks, processing and storage vessels, heat exchangers, weldments and similar products, by the process of cutting, forming, and joining metal plates, shapes, bars, sheet, pipe mill products, and tubing to custom or standard design for factory or field assembly. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing warm air heating furnaces are classified in industry 3585; those manufacturing other nonelectric heating apparatus, except power boilers, are classified in industry 3433; those manufacturing household cooking apparatus are classified in industry 3631; and those manufacturing industrial process furnaces and ovens are classified in industry 3567. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3443, Fabricated Plate Work (Boiler Shops), had employment of 79.3 thousand. The employment figure was 6 percent above the 74.7 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Texas, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New York, accounting for approximately 32 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when Texas, Pennsylvania, California, and Ohio accounted for approximately 33 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $9.1 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3443 shipped $8.0 billion of products considered primary to the industry, $618.0 million of secondary products, and had $539.9 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 93 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 92 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 94 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 93 percent. The products primary to industry 3443, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $8.5 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the fabricated plate work (boiler shops) industry amounted to $4.3 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 15 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3444, SHEET METAL WORK This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing sheet metal work for buildings (not including fabrication work done by construction contractors at the place of construction), and manufacturing stovepipes, light tanks, and other products of sheet metal. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3444, Sheet Metal Work, had employment of 104.3 thousand. The employment figure was 4 percent above the 100.2 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment increased 10 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, Ohio, Texas, and Illinois, accounting for approximately 35 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when California, Texas, Ohio, and New York accounted for approximately 35 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $11.5 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3444 shipped $10.0 billion of products considered primary to the industry, $894.7 million of secondary products, and had $608.4 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 92 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 91 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 94 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 91 percent. The products primary to industry 3444, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $10.7 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the sheet metal work industry amounted to $5.8 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 11 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3446, ARCHITECTURAL METAL WORK This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing architectural and ornamental metal work, such as stairs and staircases, open steel flooring (grating), fire escapes, grilles, railings, and fences and gates, except those made from wire. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fences and gates from purchased wire are classified in industry 3496; those manufacturing prefabricated metal buildings and parts are classified in industry 3448; and those manufacturing miscellaneous metal work are classified in industry 3449. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3446, Architectural Metal Work, had employment of 26.1 thousand. The employment figure was 7 percent below the 28.0 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Pennsylvania, Texas, California, and Ohio, accounting for approximately 34 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when Texas, California, Florida, and Illinois accounted for approximately 33 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $2.4 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3446 shipped $2.0 billion of products considered primary to the industry, $207.7 million of secondary products, and had $132.3 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 91 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 88 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 85 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 86 percent. The products primary to industry 3446, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $2.4 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the architectural metal work industry amounted to $1.1 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 13 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3448, PREFABRICATED METAL BUILDINGS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing portable and other prefabricated exterior metal panels. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3448, Prefabricated Metal Buildings and Components, had employment of 20.8 thousand. The employment figure was 19 percent below the 25.8 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, Indiana, Pennsylvania, and Texas. This represents a shift from 1987 when Texas, California, Illinois, and North Carolina were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $2.8 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3448 shipped $2.5 billion of products considered primary to the industry, $155.8 million of secondary products, and had $143.2 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 94 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 93 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 97 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 96 percent. The products primary to industry 3448, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $2.6 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the prefabricated metal buildings industry amounted to $1.7 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 7 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3449, MISCELLANEOUS METAL WORK This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing miscellaneous structural metal work, such as metal plaster bases, fabricated bar joists, and concrete reinforcing bars. Also included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in custom roll forming of metal. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3449, Miscellaneous Structural Metal Work, had employment of 21.6 thousand. The employment figure was 6 percent below the 22.9 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Texas, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and California, accounting for approximately 33 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when Florida, Illinois, Pennsylvania, and Texas accounted for approximately 35 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $3.4 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3449 shipped $2.9 billion of products considered primary to the industry, $240.6 million of secondary products, and had $251.4 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 92 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 88 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 90 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 86 percent. The products primary to industry 3449, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $3.2 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the miscellaneous metal work industry amounted to $2.2 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 12 percent of the total value of shipments.