Description of Industries and Summary of Findings INDUSTRY 3523, FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing farm machinery and equipment, including wheel tractors, for use in the preparation and maintenance of soil; planting and harvesting of the crop; preparing crops for market on the farm; or for use in performing other farm operations and processes. Included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing commercial mowing and other turf and grounds care equipment. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing farm handtools are classified in industry group 342, and those manufacturing garden tractors, lawnmowers and other lawn and garden equipment are classified in industry 3524. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3523, Farm Machinery and Equipment, had employment of 61.4 thousand. The employment figure was 8 percent above the 57.0 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment decreased 6 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, and Wisconsin. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $9.6 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3523 shipped $8.5 billion of farm machinery and equipment considered primary to the industry, $548.0 million of secondary products, and had $581.0 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 94 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 90 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 95 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 91 percent. The products primary to industry 3523, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $8.9 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the farm machinery and equipment industry amounted to $4.4 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 6 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3524, LAWN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing lawnmowers, lawn and garden tractors, and other lawn and garden equipment used for home lawn and garden care. Also included are establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing snowblowers and throwers for residential use. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing farm machinery and equipment (including commercial mowing and other turf and grounds care equipment) are classified in industry 3523; those manufacturing hand lawn and garden shears and pruners are classified in industry 3421; and those manufacturing other garden handtools are classified in industry 3423. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3524, Lawn and Garden Equipment, had employment of 24.8 thousand. The employment figure was 1 percent below the 24.9 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Georgia, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Wisconsin. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $5.2 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3524 shipped $4.0 billion of lawn and garden equipment considered primary to the industry, $838.4 million of secondary products, and had $292.8 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 83 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 89 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 93 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 94 percent. The products primary to industry 3524, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $4.3 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the lawn and garden equipment industry amounted to $3.1 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 20 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 2 percent of the total value of shipments.