Description of Industries and Summary of Findings INDUSTRY 3641, ELECTRIC LAMP BULBS AND TUBES This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electric bulbs, tubes, and related light sources. Important products of this industry include incandescent filament lamps, vapor and fluorescent lamps, photoflash and photoflood lamps, and electrotherapeutic lamp units for ultraviolet and infrared radiation. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass blanks for bulbs are classified in industry 3229. Products of this industry also are collected in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) MQ-36B, Electric Lamps. For information regarding the CIR, see Contacts for Data Users at the end of the Census of Manufactures section. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3641, Electric Lamp Bulbs and Tubes, had employment of 17.5 thousand. The employment figure was 21 percent below the 22.2 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Kentucky, New Hampshire, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. This represents a shift from 1987 when Ohio, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $3.0 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3641 shipped $2.9 billion of electric lamp bulbs and tubes considered primary to the industry, $58.2 million of secondary products, and had $97.0 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 98 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio also was 98 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 97 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 99 percent. The products primary to industry 3641, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $2.9 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the electric lamp bulbs and tubes industry amounted to $955.6 million. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. No establishments in this industry were excluded from the mail portion of the census. However, for a small number of establishments, reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated. For these establishments data were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 8 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3643, CURRENT-CARRYING WIRING DEVICES This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing current-carrying wiring devices. Products of this industry also are collected in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) MA-36K, Wiring Devices and Supplies. For information regarding the CIR, see Contacts for Data Users at the end of the Census of Manufactures section. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3643, Current-Carrying Wiring Devices, had employment of 41.1 thousand. The employment figure was 14 percent below the 47.9 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment increased 4 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Illinois, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, accounting for approximately 45 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when Illinois, New York, Ohio, and North Carolina were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $4.7 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3643 shipped $3.5 billion of current-carrying wiring devices considered primary to the industry, $827.4 million of secondary products, and had $298.7 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 81 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 84 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 84 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 82 percent. The products primary to industry 3643, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $4.2 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the current-carrying wiring devices industry amounted to $1.8 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 15 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 9 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3644, NONCURRENT-CARRYING WIRING DEVICES This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing noncurrent-carrying wiring devices. Important products of this industry include conduits and fittings; electrical insulators, except porcelain and other ceramic insulators and glass insulators; outlet, switch, and fuse boxes; and pole line hardware. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ceramic insulators are classified in industry 3264, and those manufacturing glass insulators are classified in industry 3229. Products of this industry also are collected in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) MA-36K, Wiring Devices and Supplies. For information regarding the CIR, see Contacts for Data Users at the end of the Census of Manufactures section. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3644, Noncurrent-Carrying Wiring Devices, had employment of 23.2 thousand. The employment figure was 8 percent above the 21.5 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment increased 13 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Connecticut, Illinois, Missouri, and New York. This represents a shift from 1987 when Illinois, New York, Connecticut, and California were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $3.2 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3644 shipped $2.7 billion of noncurrent-carrying wiring devices considered primary to the industry, $437.9 million of secondary products, and had $53.8 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 86 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 84 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 85 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio also was 85 percent. The products primary to industry 3644, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $3.2 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the noncurrent-carrying wiring devices industry amounted to $1.3 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 20 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 4 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3645, RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING FIXTURES This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing residential electric lighting fixtures and equipment, fixed or portable. Establishments primarily engaged in producing glassware for lighting fixtures are classified in major group 32; those manufacturing electric light bulbs, tubes, and related light sources are classified in industry 3641; those manufacturing lamp shades, except glass and metal, are classified in industry 3999; and those manufacturing nonelectric fixtures and portable electric flashlights, lanterns, and similar lamps are classified in industry 3648. Products of this industry also are collected in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) MA-36L, Electric Lighting Fixtures. For information regarding the CIR, see Contacts for Data Users at the end of the Census of Manufactures section. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3645, Residential Lighting Fixtures, had employment of 16.5 thousand. The employment figure was 27 percent below the 22.5 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, Illinois, New York, and Pennsylvania, accounting for approximately 45 percent of the industry's employment. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $1.6 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3645 shipped $1.4 billion of residential lighting fixtures considered primary to the industry, $63.8 million of secondary products, and had $154.9 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 96 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 95 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 82 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 91 percent. The products primary to industry 3645, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $1.7 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the residential lighting fixtures industry amounted to $757.7 million. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 17 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3646, COMMERCIAL LIGHTING FIXTURES This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing commercial, industrial, and institutional electric lighting fixtures. Establishments primarily engaged in producing glassware for lighting fixtures are classified in major group 32; those manufacturing residential lighting fixtures are classified in industry 3645; and those manufacturing vehicular lighting fixtures are classified in industry 3647. Products of this industry also are collected in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) MA-36L, Electric Lighting Fixtures. For information regarding the CIR, see Contacts for Data Users at the end of the Census of Manufactures section. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3646, Commercial Lighting Fixtures, had employment of 20.6 thousand. The employment figure was 9 percent below the 22.7 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, Georgia, Illinois, and Pennsylvania. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $3.0 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3646 shipped $2.6 billion of commercial lighting fixtures considered primary to the industry, $305.6 million of secondary products, and had $88.0 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 90 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 88 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 87 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 89 percent. The products primary to industry 3646, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $3.0 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the commercial lighting fixtures industry amounted to $1.5 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 15 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 5 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3647, VEHICULAR LIGHTING EQUIPMENT This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing vehicular lighting equipment. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing sealed-beam lamps are classified in industry 3641. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3647, Vehicular Lighting Equipment, had employment of 14.6 thousand. The employment figure was 6 percent below the 15.5 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment increased 11 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, and Ohio. This represents a shift from 1987 when Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, and New York were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $2.2 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3647 shipped $1.7 billion of vehicular lighting equipment considered primary to the industry, $385.9 million of secondary products, and had $93.4 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 82 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was not shown. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 99 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 96 percent. The products primary to industry 3647, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $1.7 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the vehicular lighting equipment industry amounted to $1.0 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 2 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3648, LIGHTING EQUIPMENT, N.E.C. This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing lighting fixtures and equipment, electric and nonelectric, not elsewhere classified, including flashlights and similar portable lamps, searchlights, ultraviolet lamp fixtures, and infrared lamp fixtures. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electric light bulbs, tubes, and related light sources are classified in industry 3641; those producing glassware for lighting fixtures are classified in major group 32; and those manufacturing traffic signals are classified in industry 3669. Products of this industry also are collected in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) MA-36L, Electric Lighting Fixtures. For information regarding the CIR, see Contacts for Data Users at the end of the Census of Manufactures section. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3648, Lighting Equipment, N.E.C., had employment of 14.5 thousand. The employment figure was 1 percent above the 14.4 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, North Carolina, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. This represents a shift from 1987 when California, North Carolina, Mississippi, and Ohio were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $2.1 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3648 shipped $1.7 billion of lighting equipment, not elsewhere classified, considered primary to the industry, $285.1 million of secondary products, and had $107.6 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 86 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio also was 86 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 85 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 81 percent. The products primary to industry 3648, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $2.0 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the lighting equipment, not elsewhere classified, industry amounted to $1.0 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 10 percent of the total value of shipments.