Description of Industries and Summary of Findings INDUSTRY 3991, BROOMS AND BRUSHES This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household, industrial, and street sweeping brooms and brushes, such as paintbrushes, toothbrushes, toilet brushes, and household and industrial brushes. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3991, Brooms and Brushes, had employment of 12.6 thousand. The employment figure was 2 percent above the 12.3 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment decreased 10 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Illinois, New York, Ohio, and Wisconsin. This represents a shift from 1987 when Ohio, New York, Illinois, and Massachusetts were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $1.3 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3991 shipped $1.1 billion of brooms and brushes considered primary to the industry, $86.0 million of secondary products, and had $90.2 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 93 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 88 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 91 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio also was 91 percent. The products primary to industry 3991, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $1.2 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the brooms and brushes industry amounted to $539.5 million. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 10 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 5 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3993, SIGNS AND ADVERTISING SPECIALTIES This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electrical, mechanical, cutout, or plate signs and advertising displays, including neon signs, and advertising specialties. Sign painting shops doing business on a custom basis are classified in services, industry 7389. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electric signal equipment are classified in industry 3669, and those manufacturing commercial lighting fixtures are classified in industry 3646. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3993, Signs and Advertising Specialties, had employment of 67.5 thousand. The employment figure was 2 percent above the 66.3 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, New York, Illinois, and Ohio, accounting for approximately 33 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when New York, Illinois, Texas, and California were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $5.4 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3993 shipped $4.8 billion of signs and advertising specialties considered primary to the industry, $120.9 million of secondary products, and had $514.9 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 98 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio was 96 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 97 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio also was 97 percent. The products primary to industry 3993, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $4.9 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the signs and advertising specialties industry amounted to $2.3 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 13 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3995, BURIAL CASKETS This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing burial caskets and cases, including shipping cases, of wood or other materials except concrete. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3995, Burial Caskets, had employment of 7.8 thousand. The employment figure was 10 percent below the 8.7 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Indiana, New York, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee. These same States were the leaders in 1987. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $1.1 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3995 shipped $1.0 billion of burial caskets considered primary to the industry. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 99 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio also was 99 percent. The products primary to industry 3995, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $1.0 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the burial caskets industry amounted to $390.6 million. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 6 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3996, HARD SURFACE FLOOR COVERINGS, N.E.C. This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing linoleum, asphalted-felt-base, and other hard surface floor coverings, not elsewhere classified. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber floor coverings are classified in industry 3069, and those manufacturing cork floor and wall tile are classified in industry 2499. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3996, Hard Surface Floor Coverings, N.E.C., had employment of 6.7 thousand. The employment figure was 12 percent below the 7.6 thousand reported in 1987. Compared with 1991, employment decreased 1 percent. The 1991 data are based on the Census Bureau's annual survey of manufactures (ASM), which is a sample survey conducted each year between censuses. The leading States in employment in 1992 were Alabama, Illinois, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. This represents a shift from 1987 when Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Illinois, and New York were the leading States. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $1.5 billion. The products primary to industry 3996, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $1.5 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the hard surface floor coverings, not elsewhere classified, industry amounted to $616.5 million. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for less than 1 percent of the total value of shipments. INDUSTRY 3999, MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, N.E.C. This industry is made up of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing miscellaneous fabricated products, including beauty shop and barber shop equipment; hair work; tobacco pipes and cigarette holders; coin-operated amusement machines; matches; candles; lamp shades; feathers; artificial trees and flowers made from all materials except glass; dressed and dyed furs; umbrellas, parasols, and canes; and other articles, not elsewhere classified. The 1992 definition of this industry is the same as that used in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. The SIC number and title also are the same. In the 1992 Census of Manufactures, Industry 3999, Manufacturing Industries, N.E.C., had employment of 60.0 thousand. The employment figure was 12 percent below the 68.3 thousand reported in 1987. The leading States in employment in 1992 were California, Illinois, New York, and Pennsylvania, accounting for approximately 36 percent of the industry's employment. This represents a shift from 1987 when California, New York, Illinois, and New Jersey accounted for approximately 42 percent of the industry's employment. The total value of shipments for establishments classified in this industry was $5.9 billion. Establishments in virtually all industries ship secondary products as well as products primary to the industry in which they are classified and have some miscellaneous receipts, such as resales and contract receipts. Industry 3999 shipped $4.9 billion of manufacturing industries, not elsewhere classified, products considered primary to the industry, $372.8 million of secondary products, and had $641.1 million of miscellaneous receipts, resales, and contract work. Thus, the ratio of primary products to the total of both secondary and primary products shipped by establishments in this industry was 93 percent (specialization ratio). In 1987, the specialization ratio also was 93 percent. Establishments in this industry also accounted for 94 percent of products considered primary to the industry no matter where they were actually produced (coverage ratio). In 1987, the coverage ratio was 93 percent. The products primary to industry 3999, no matter in what industry they were produced, appear in file MC92F6A and aggregate to $5.2 billion. For further explanation of specialization and coverage ratios, see file MC92F5B and the appendixes. The total cost of materials, services, and fuels and energy used by establishments classified in the manufacturing industries, not elsewhere classified, industry amounted to $2.5 billion. Data on specific materials consumed appear in file MC92F7. Single-establishment companies in this industry with less than 5 employees were excluded from the mail portion of the census. The data for these establishments (and a small number of larger establishments whose reports were not received at the time the data were tabulated) were obtained from administrative records of other agencies or developed from industry averages. These establishments accounted for 16 percent of the total value of shipments.