1992 CENSUS OF TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATIONS, AND UTILITIES =>GENERAL The 1992 Census of Transportation, Communications, and Utilities, part of the 1992 Economic Census, covered transportation, communications, and utilities as defined in Division E of the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual, (Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2) except for SIC Major Group 43, United States Postal Service. Data are presented for establishments in the following classifications (data presented for SIC Major Group 40, Railroad transportation, were reported to the Association of American Railroads and published in Railroad Facts, 1993 edition. These data are shown for the United States only.) (Data presented for SIC Major Group 45, Transportation by air, include revenue for large certificated passenger carriers that was reported to the office of Airline Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation, as published in Air Carrier Financial Statistics Quarterly. These data are shown for the United States only.): SIC code Title 40 Railroad transportation 41 Local and suburban transit and interurban highway passenger transportation 42 Motor freight transportation and warehousing 44 Water transportation 45 Transportation by air 46 Pipelines, except natural gas 47 Transportation services 48 Communications 49 Electric, gas, and sanitary services The Establishment and Firm Size report and data files do not include firms without paid employees (nonemployers) and governmental organizations classified in the covered industries. For firms classified in Pipelines, except natural gas (SIC 46); Telephone, telegraph, and other message communications (SIC 481 and 482); and Electric and gas services (SIC 491, 492, and 493), the basic tabulations in this report include establishments which are auxiliary (primary function is providing a service, such as an administrative office) to other establishments within the same organization. For firms classified in all other industries covered by this report, the basic tabulations do not include data for auxiliary establishments. Data for those auxiliaries are presented in a subsequent report issued as part of the 1992 Enterprise Statistics reports. For the 1992 Census of Transportation, Communications, and Utilities, large- and medium- size firms, plus all firms known to operate more than one establishment, were sent questionnaires to be completed and returned to the Census Bureau by mail. For selected very small firms, data from existing administrative records of other Federal agencies were used instead. These records provided basic information on location, kind of business, revenue, payroll, number of employees, and legal form of organization. In addition, more detailed information for selected small employer firms was obtained on the various questionnaires. =>ESTABLISHMENT AND FIRM SIZE The data files represent a recompilation of data collected in the 1992 Census of Transportation, Communications, and Utilities and is divided into three categories: size of establishment, size of firm, and legal form of organization. Size of establishment. Only establishments which operated the entire year have been classified into the various size groups used in the establishment size files. An establishment is classified as "operated entire year" if it operated 10 months or more during the year. Data for establishments which reported that they were in operation fewer than 10 months are separately summarized as "not operated entire year" (SIZEKEY 199 and 299). Revenue size. Data in File 1 are classified into revenue size groups depending on the value of revenue reported for the year 1992. Employment size. Data in File 2 are classified into employment size groups depending on the number of employees on the payroll during the pay period including March 12, 1992. Proprietors, partners, and unpaid family workers were not regarded as employees in determining the employment size of an establishment. Size of firm. A firm may be either a single establishment (single unit) firm or a multiestablishment (multiunit) firm. Firm size groups are based on aggregate data for all establishments operated by the same firm in the kind-of-business classification, group, or total for which data are presented. For example, a firm operates two transportation service establishments: a freight forwarding service (SIC 4731), and a packing and crating service (SIC 4783). At each of the two most detailed levels of classification, each of the establishments is a single unit operated by a multiestablishment firm. At the transportation services major group level (SIC 47), it is a two-establishment multiunit. In Files 3 through 6, data are presented based on revenue size of firm, employment size of firm, concentration by largest firms, as well as for single unit and multiunit firms (by number of establishments operated). In Files 4 and 5, only firms which operated the entire year are classified into the various size groups. A firm is considered to have "operated entire year" if any of its establishments at that SIC level operated 10 months or more during the year. Data for firms which reported that none of their establishments operated 10 months or more are separately summarized as "not operated entire year" (SIZEKEY 599 and 699). Single unit and multiunit firms. Data in File 3 are classified into firm size groups based on the number of establishments operated. A single unit firm is a firm with only one establishment engaged in economic activities. A multiunit (multiestablishment) firm is a firm with two establishments or more engaged in economic activities. A multiestablishment firm may, however, operate only one establishment classified in transportation, communications, and utilities industries. Revenue size. Data in File 4 are classified into revenue size groups depending on the value of revenue reported for 1992. Employment size. Data in File 5 are classified into employment size groups depending on the number of employees on the payroll during the pay period including March 12, 1992. Proprietors, partners, and unpaid family workers were not regarded as employees in determining the employment size of a firm. Concentration by largest firms. Data in File 6 are presented separately for the 4, 8, 20, and 50 largest firms based on total revenue. Legal form of organization. Data in File 7 are presented for firms by legal form of organization for four separate categories. For the method of assigning legal form, see Explanation of Terms, Legal form of organization, in DOCVIEW, Data Item Definitions. =>CENSUS DISCLOSURE RULES In accordance with Federal law governing census reports and data files, no data are published that would disclose the operations of an individual establishment or business. However, the number of establishments in a kind-of-business classification is not considered a disclosure, so this information may be released even though other information is withheld. =>GEOGRAPHIC AREAS COVERED The Establishment and Firm Size report and data files present data by kind of business for the United States as a whole. =>DOLLAR VALUES All dollar values presented in this report are expressed in current dollars, i.e., 1992 data are expressed in 1992 dollars and 1987 data in 1987 dollars. Consequently, when making comparisons to prior years, users of the data should consider the inflation that has occurred. =>RELIABILITY OF DATA All data compiled in this report originated from either census questionnaires or administrative records of other Federal agencies and, therefore, are not subject to sampling errors. However, the data are subject to nonsampling errors. Nonsampling errors can be attributed to many sources: inability to identify all cases in the actual universe; definition and classification difficulties; differences in the interpretation of questions; errors in recording or coding the data obtained; and other errors of collection, response, coverage, and estimation for missing or misreported data. The accuracy of these tabulated data is determined by the joint effects of the various nonsampling errors. No direct measurement of these effects has been obtained except for estimation for missing or misreported data; however, precautionary steps were taken in all phases of the collection, processing, and tabulation of the data in an effort to minimize the effects of nonsampling errors. The Bureau of the Census obtains on computer tape limited information extracted from administrative records of other Federal agencies. This information is used in conjunction with other information available to the Census Bureau to develop estimates for nonemployers, small employers, and other establishments for which responses were not received in time for publication. =>SPECIAL TABULATIONS Special tabulations of data collected in the 1992 Census of Transportation, Communications, and Utilities may be obtained, depending on availability of time and personnel, on diskette, computer tape, or in tabular form. The data will be in summary form and subject to the same rules prohibiting disclosure of confidential information (including name, address, kind of business, or other data for individual business establishments or companies) as are the regular publications. Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. A request for a cost estimate, as well as exact specifications on the type and format of the data to be provided, should be directed to the Chief, Services Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233. To discuss a special tabulation before submitting specifications, call 1-800-541-8345.