TIGER/Line 1992 on CD-ROM USER'S GUIDE Acknowledgements This guide was prepared in Data User Services Division by David Shaw in the Special Information Products Staff under the guidance of Larry Carbaugh, Chief. Assistance was provided by George Dailey and Thanos Teodoropoulos of the Training, Education and Marketing Branch. Kenneth Taylor of the Systems and Programming Branch coordinated the CD-ROM preparation. The Environmental Protection Agency also provided assistance. Text and technical information was provided by Peter Gatusso in the Information and Management Support Staff, Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office. BUREAU OF THE CENSUS Harry A. Scarr, Acting Director DATA USER SERVICES DIVISION Marshall L. Turner, Jr., Chief Richard L. Bitzer, Assistant Division Chief GEOGRAPHY DIVISION Robert W. Marx, Chief Robert A. LaMacchia, Assistant Division Chief ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Carol Browner, Administrator Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office Jim Makris, Director Information and Management Support Staff Tony Jover, Director CONTENTS OF USER'S GUIDE 1 What are TIGER/Line Files? 1 What's New for 1992? 2 What Can I Do With This Disc? 3 What's on the Disc? 5 LandView -- Mapping and Display Software 11 TIGER/Line 1992 CD-ROM Layout 13 TIGER/Line 1992 Technical Documentation Layout 14 TIGER/Line Sources of Assistance 16 Technical Requirements 18 Trademarks 19 Product Evaluation Form WHAT ARE TIGER/LineTM FILES? The TIGER/Line files contain information which describes the points, lines, and areas on Census Bureau maps. The files are extracts of selected geographic and cartographic data from the Census Bureau's Census TIGERTM (Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing) System which is used to support mapping and other geographic activities of its decennial census and sample survey programs. The TIGER/Line files provide information on streets, rivers, railroads, and other line features, where they intersect and the areas they enclose, in a form that can be processed by a computer. TIGER/Line records contain latitude/longitude coordinates, codes identifying census geographic areas, and address ranges and ZIP CodesR. While these files contain geographic data, they are not maps or geographic information systems by themselves. Users must first import or reformat the data into an application system or software. WHAT'S NEW FOR 1992? TIGER/Line, 1992 replaces the earlier version -- TIGER/Line Files, 1990. TIGER/Line, 1992 extends the address range and ZIP Code coverage by 60 percent, identifies several new geographic areas, and includes viewing software. New Address Ranges and ZIP Codes -- Additional potential address ranges and ZIP Codes have been added based upon a match with the 1990 Census master address list. This expands the coverage to include over 80 million residential addresses (earlier versions covered only about 50 million addresses). New Geographic Areas -- TIGER/Line, 1992 adds codes for new geographic areas such as congressional districts (as of the 103rd Congress), 1990 Urbanized Areas, school districts, and new cities and towns incorporated since the 1990 Census. Viewing Software - LandViewTM, a public domain software developed by the Environmental Protection Agency, is added to this newest version of TIGER/Line. WHAT CAN I DO WITH THIS DISC? Here are some of the ways to use the information on the TIGER/Line, 1992 compact disc. Create and View Maps Using LandView Users can create and view maps using the LandView software on this disc. LandView will display the line and landmark features from the TIGER/Line files, identify 1990 census block groups and link them to selected 1990 census data. Use TIGER/Line with a GIS or Other Software TIGER/Line information can be imported into most geographic information systems to create thematic maps, do address matching, link to other geographic data, or perform other geographic analysis. A list of vendors who can process TIGER/Line files or who offer geographic services is available from the Census Bureau upon request at (301) 763- 4100. Create Your Own Applications Technical documentation for the TIGER/Line files is provided on this disc. Instructions for printing the technical documentation are found on page xx. WHAT IS ON THE DISC? TIGER/Line, 1992 Files Up to 14 separate files, each corresponding to a TIGER/Line, 1992 record type, are provided for each county. A \st Directory and individual \cty Subdirectories (where st = Federal Information Processing Standard [FIPS] State Code and cty = FIPS County Code) are used to store the county file sets on the disc. LANDVIEW The LandView software is located in the \SOFTWARE Directory. The selected STF 1A data which is accessed by LandView in stored in each \st Directory in dBaseTM format in xxCENSUS.DBF (where xx = FIPS State Abbreviation). Technical Documentation Technical Documentation for TIGER/Line, 1992 is provided on the disc in two versions in the \DOCUMENT directory. In each case, the documentation is presented in several files. (See page 13 for a detailed description of the TIGER/Line technical documentation. Subdirectory \WP contains the files in WordPerfectR format. Subdirectory \ASCII contains the files in ASCII format. Note: The graphic figures used in the documentation are not included in the above files; only a reference to the figures appear. The figures are available in PCX and PostScriptR formats in the \GRAPHICS subdirectory. Technical documentation is also included in the \DOCUMENT Directory for the TIGER/Geographic Names File, the LandView viewing software, the School District Names File, and this guide. TIGER/Geographic NamesTM File This file, which appears in each \st Directory and is identified as TGR92Sst.NAM (where st = FIPS State Code), provides the names and codes for the census geographic entities (e.g. minor civil divisions, places, urbanized areas, etc.) identified in the TIGER/Line files; only codes are used to identify these areas in the TIGER/Line files. Names and codes for each school district will appear in a separate file, identified as SCHOLDst.NAM (where st = FIPS State Code), in each \st Directory. Selected Tools dBase file structures are provided in the \TOOLS Directory for each TIGER/Line, 1992 record type, TIGER/Geographic Names File records, and School District Names File records. LANDVIEW - MAPPING AND DISPLAY SOFTWARE What is LandView? LandView (tm) is a desktop mapping program designed to display the contents of TIGER/Line files and provide access to corresponding census population and housing data. LandView is an adaptation of the computer mapping application known as MARPLOTTM which is part of the Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO) system. CAMEOTM was developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to facilitate the implementation of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (also known as Title III), a far reaching law requiring communities to develop emergency response plans addressing chemical hazards and to make available to the public information on chemical hazards in the community. TIGER/Line files are the geographic base for CAMEO. What are LandView's Capabilities?' LandView will: o Display TIGER/Line features and landmarks. o Identify 1990 Census Census Tracts/Block Numbering Areas and Block Groups. o Display selected 1990 Census demographic and housing characteristics for Block Groups. o Link selected Block Groups to 1990 Census Summary Tape File 3A CD-ROM and its associated retrieval software known as GO. o Search TIGER/Line street information and locate intersections or address ranges on the map. How Do I Use LandView? LandView must be installed on your hard drive before you can run the program. To do this you use the LandView INSTALL program. Installing LandView To install LandView on your hard drive: 1. Insert the TIGER/Line disc into your CD-ROM drive and type the drive letter and colon. For example, to install from CD-ROM drive E, type E: and press Enter. 2. Change to the SOFTWARE directory and type install followed by the drive you want to install to. For example, to install to hard drive C you would type: cd \software install c: LandView will be installed in a directory named LANDVIEW. If you want LandView to be installed in a directory of a different name, place that name on the command line after the drive letter. For example, to install the system in a directory named MAPPING on the C drive, type: install c: mapping Getting Started With LandView To start LandView once installed, change to the hard drive and the LandView program directory and type landview. For example, if the LandView program directory is C:\LANDVIEW, you would type the following commands to start LandView. c: cd \landview landview The LandView menu will appear: 1) Create a LandView Map. Choose this option to create a map(s) from the TIGER/Line Files. LandView cannot display TIGER/Line files directly from the disc so this option must be selected first. TIGER/Line information for the selected county(s) will be copied to your hard drive. Landview will indicate the time and hard drive space required to prepare each map selected. 2) Display a LandView Map. Choose this option to display a list of map files that have been created on your computer. If you have created adjacent maps that fall within your view, they will also be displayed. 3) Display a LandView Reference View. This option provides a list of Reference Views which were specified during the display phase above. Reference Views are snapshots of map views that are saved for future display. Menu Option 1: Create a LandView Map First choose a state from the state list window. You can scroll the list with the PgUp, PgDn, and arrow keys. You can also type all or part of a state name to quickly move to that entry. Once the desired state is highlighted, press Enter to choose the state. Next choose a county from the county list window. Scrolling is the same as for the state window. Press Enter to choose a county. You may proceed with additional selections to build up a list of counties for which you want to create maps. By pressing F4 before selecting the county, you can specify a bounding rectangle (by latitude/longitude coordinates) to limit the mapped area within the county. Choose F5 to alter the selected list. Choose Esc to abort the operation. Choose F10 to begin creating the maps. LandView will then prompt you to select a drive and path for the TIGER/Line disc and a drive and path for storing the map files. Place the TIGER/Line disc containing the selected counties in the drive you specified and press F10. Menu Option 2: Display a LandView Map A Function Menu Window is displayed on the lower right of the map display screen. To invoke the various functions, press the appropriate function key or other key(s). The function key list is 2 pages long; use the TAB key to move between pages. Use the arrow keys to move the Map Pointer. The Map Pointer is a light blue object comprised of a circle and a cross. It indicates the current map position. Mouse Shortcuts If your computer has both VGA graphics and a mouse, button menus are displayed. Click on a menu button, and the functions within that category are displayed below. Then click on a function. Selected LandView Functions: The display functions of LandView are too numerous to cover in this Guide however, you will find discussions of several key functions on the next few pages. To learn more about these and all other LandView functions, use the HELP menus which can be displayed by pressing F1. These menus can also be found in the \SOFTWARE directory of the disc as LANDVIEW.DOC and printed using the DOS print command. Below are key display functions: Census Display Options Function Action Key (s) F9 [Show/Hide Census Block Groups] toggles between displaying and not displaying the Block Group boundaries. The blocks are filled with random colors. Census Display Options Continued IC [Summary STF1A Census Data] displays a summary of the population and housing data taken from 1990 Census Summary Tape File 1A, for the block group surrounding the Map Pointer. To print the screen, press P when prompted to "press any key". Q [Detailed STF3A Census Data] allows you to view the Summary Tape File 3A population and housing information for the block group surrounding the Map Pointer. You will be prompted to insert the STF3A CD-ROM into the appropriate drive. The system will assume that the CD will be placed in CD-ROM drive last used during map creation. If this drive letter is no longer appropriate, exit to DOS and delete the file CD_DRIVE.DAT from your hard drive. Options for Printing the Map Screen These functions allow you to select a target printer and print the LandView map screen. Before you can print maps, press and hold and press P to see a list of printer types. When the list of printers is displayed, use the arrow keys and PgUp/PgDn to move through the list until the desired printer is highlighted. Press F10 to select that printer. You may also print the map screen while identifying a base map feature, and while displaying the STF 1A summary population and housing data. When you are prompted to "press any key" to continue, press the letter P to initiate the printing. TIGER/Line, 1992 CD-ROM LAYOUT ROOT directory \st Directory (st = FIPS state code) for each state on disc SCHOLDst.NAM School district codes and names TGR92Sst.NAM Geographic Reference File xxCENSUS.DBF Data for LandView (xx = FIPS State Abbreviation) xxPLACES.DBF \cty County subdirectory (cty = FIPS county code) for each county on disc TGRstcty.F51 TGRstcty.F52 TGRstcty.F53 TGRstcty.F54 TGRstcty.F55 TGRstcty.F56 TGRstcty.F57 TGRstcty.F58 TGRstcty.F5A TGRstcty.F5F TGRstcty.F5G TGRstcty.F5I TGRstcty.F5P TGRstcty.F5R Note: There are up to 14 files possible for each county. However, if a particular record type is not applicable for a county, that file will not be present. \SOFTWARE Directory LANDVIEW.EXE and related files (INSTALL.EXE will install Landview on user's computer) \DOCUMENT Directory Technical Documentation \TIGER Subdirectory \WP Subdirectory TIGER/Line, 1992 (WordPerfect format) \ASCII Subdirectory TIGER/Line, 1992 (ASCII format) \GRAPHICS Subdirectory TIGER/Line, 1992 .PCX files (for Windows) .POS Postscript files TGR92NAM.DOC Geographic Reference File documentation LANDVIEW.DOC LandView documentation SCHLDNAM.DOC School District Names documentation USRGUIDE.DOC Text of this guide \TOOLS Directory dBASE file structures for each TIGER record type, the Geographic Reference File and the School District Names file. TIGER/Line, 1992 Technical Documentation Layout Files identified below can be found in both the \WP or \ASCII Subdirectories of the \DOCUMENT Directory on this disc. Wordperfect files have a .WP1 extension; ASCII files have a .ASC extension. If you wish a printed copy of the ASCII documentation, type the following commands at the DOS prompt. cd \document\tiger\ascii printall File Name Documentation Section PROLOGUE Prologue CONTENTS Table of Contents INTRODUC Introduction CHAPTER1 Chapter 1: An Overview and Geographic Concepts CHAPTER2 Chapter 2: Version Code and Record Identification Numbers CHAPTER3 Chapter 3: Geographic Objects in TIGER/Line CHAPTER4 Chapter 4: Geographic Entities CHAPTER5 Chapter 5: Data Quality CHAPTER6 Chapter 6: Data Dictionaries for each TIGER/Line record type APPENDXA Appendix A: FIPS State and County Codes and Address Coverage APPENDXB Appendix B: SDTS Definitions for Spatial Objects APPENDXC Appendix C: TIGER/Line File, 1992 Version Field Name Changes APPENDXD Appendix D: Standard Abbreviations APPENDXE Appendix E: Census Feature Class Codes APPENDXF Appendix F: Numbers of Decennial Census Geographic Entities APPENDXG Appendix H: Source Codes APPENDXI Appendix I: Acronyms & Abbreviations BBLGRPHY Bibliography TIGER/LINE Sources of Assistance Product Ordering Customer Services 301-763-4100 Data User Services Division U.S. Bureau of the Census Washington, DC 20233 FAX (301) 763-4794 Applications and Training Special Information Products Staff 301-763-1384 Data User Services Division FAX (301) 763-5550 Future Plans for TIGER Geographic Base Development Branch 302-763-4664 Geography Division FAX (301) 763-4749 Assistance is also available from Census Bureau Regional Offices: Atlanta, GA (404) 347-2274 Boston, MA (617) 565-7078 Charlotte, NC (704)344-6144 Chicago, IL (312) 353-0980 Dallas, TX (214) 767-7105 Denver, CO (303) 969-7750 Detroit, MI (313) 354-4654 Kansas City, MO (913) 236-3711 Van Nuys, CA (818) 904-6339 New York, NY (212) 264-4730 Philadelphia, PA (215) 597-8313 Seattle, WA (206) 728-5314 If you have a modem, you can obtain access to the TIGER electronic bulletin board which provides the status of TIGER-related data products, by dialing (301) 763-7554 and setting communications software to 1200 - 9600 baud, N, 8, 1, Full. Tutorials for using TIGER/Line files and 1990 census data with major desktop mapping systems are available upon request from the Special Information Products Staff, (301) 763-1384. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS CD-ROM: Census Bureau discs are designed for IBM-compatible microcomputers, but can be used on Apple computers, given the appropriate software. TIGER/Line, 1992 files are in ASCII format with DOS carriage return - line feed record separators, but they are accessible by all platforms that can read compact discs in ISO 9660 standard format. TIGER/Line Files: TIGER/Line files are organized on a county basis. Fourteen files typically make up the file set for a county. The sizes of file sets for counties vary from less than one megabyte to over 138 megabytes (Los Angeles County, California). The use of TIGER/Line files generally requires software. LandView: LandView will run on IBM and compatible PCs, 286 version and above CPU with an EGA or VGA monitor. Since both the creation and display of LandView maps requires intensive processing by the computer, it is recommended you use a computer with at least a 386/25mHz CPU. Also, disk speed is a critical factor in overall system performance, and it is recommended that a disk cache be installed (such as the SMARTDRV program that comes with MS-WINDOWSTM). A math coprocessor is also helpful, but not required. LandView requires DOS 3.3 or higher. LandView should be run only on computers with 640K RAM or greater. LandView does not utilize extended memory; however, extended memory is valuable in that it can be used for a disk cache or other resident applications, leaving more of the 640K base RAM free for use by LandView. Of the total 640K base RAM, LandView should have at least 450K RAM available in order to operate successfully. LandView requires approximately 5 megabytes of hard disk space, exclusive of the map files. Depending on the size and number of TIGER/Line files processed, each county map file can take anywhere between 1 and 200 megabytes of disk space. During a map creation request, LandView tells you the estimated disk space required. Trademarks dBASE is a trademark of Borland International Corporation LandView, CAMEO and MARPLOT are trademarks of the Environmental Protection Agency PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc. Census TIGER, TIGER/Line, and TIGER/Geographic Names are trademarks of the U.S. Bureau of the Census WordPerfect is a registered trademark of WordPerfect Corporation ZIP Code is a registered trademark of the U.S. Postal Service Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation Product Evaluation Form CD.TGR92.DUSD In order to improve our products and services to our customers, please provide us with your comments and recommendations. Simply fill out this form and drop it in the mail. 1. 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Other comments and recommendations:________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Clip and Mail to Customer Services U.S. Bureau of the Census Washington, D.C. 20233