This U.S. Census Bureau NAICS-based industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing books (except music books), including publishing and printing books (except music books). These establishments are known as book publishers, and carry out design, editing, and marketing activities necessary for producing and distributing books. Establishments publishing books exclusively on the Internet are classified as Internet publishers.

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Printing books without publishing--are classified in 32311700, Books Printing;
• Publishing books exclusively on the Internet--are classified in 51611000, Internet Publishing and Broadcasting;
• University Press Publishers--are classified in 51113030, Atlas and Map Publishers; and
• Publishing, including publishing and printing, music books--are classified in 51223020, Music Book Publishers.